Science X Newsletter Tue, Oct 17

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Here is your customized Science X Newsletter for October 17, 2023:

Spotlight Stories Headlines

Thought experiments and conservation laws: Reevaluating quantum conservation principles

Study unveils a new partially disordered phase in Li- and Mn-rich cathode materials

LSD use is on the rise, most prevalently among the depressed

Astronomers report discovery of the closest ultrastripped supernova: SN 2021agco in UGC 3855

Study highlights the key role of the prefrontal cortex in regulating REM sleep

Art with DNA—digitally creating 16 million colors by chemistry

Real-time visualization of plant-plant communications through airborne volatiles

How a Bronze Age rock became a 'treasure map' for researchers

Novel hydrogel finds new aptamers, or 'chemical antibodies,' in days

Fire-inhibiting, nonflammable gel polymer electrolyte for lithium-ion batteries

New AI tool for PET imaging allows for high-quality, fully automated evaluation of brain tumors

Researchers develop soft-packaged, portable rehabilitation glove

Direct imaging of sequences and locations of glycans bound to biomolecules at a single-molecule level

Striking changes to metal levels discovered in brain tissue of patients with Huntington's disease

How AI can help uncover the way memory works

Nanotechnology news

	Harnessing molecular power: Electricity generation on the nanoscale Wave energy technology is a proven source of power generation, but there is power inherent in every molecule of liquid on Earth, even when the liquid is at rest. At the molecular scale, atoms and ions are always moving. If this nanoscale movement can be harvested, it could be a big source of energy.
	Scientists develop deep learning-based biosensing platform to better count viral particles Recent studies have found that Gires-Tournois (GT) biosensors, a type of nanophotonic resonator, can detect minuscule virus particles and produce colorful micrographs (images taken through a microscope) of viral loads. But they suffer from visual artifacts and non-reproducibility, limiting their utilization.
	Tribotronics: Promising prospects in the development of new functional devices and self-powered microsystems Formed by the coupling effect of contact electrification and electrostatic induction, triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) effectively convert the most widely distributed micro-nano energy in our environment, including human motion, breeze, vibration, and rainfall, into electrical energy, providing a sustainable solution to power a plethora of sensors that the current battery supply failed to address.
	Insights into 2D materials from international collaboration Roman Engel-Herbert, Director of PDI, and Joao Marcelo J. Lopes, a Senior Scientist at PDI, were honored recently with an invitation to review the field of two-dimensional layered materials (2DLM) in a paper for ACS Nano titled "Recent Advances in 2D Material Theory, Synthesis, Properties, and Applications." PDI's authors drew from their expertise in the field of 2D magnetic materials and heterostructures to provide insights on the current state and future prospects of the field regarding the synthesis of these materials.

Physics news

	Thought experiments and conservation laws: Reevaluating quantum conservation principles Conservation laws are central to our understanding of the universe, and now scientists have expanded our understanding of these laws in quantum mechanics.
	Ushering in the era of light-powered 'multi-level memories' We live in an era of data deluge. The data centers that are operated to store and process this flood of data use a lot of electricity, which has been called a major contributor to environmental pollution. To overcome this situation, polygonal computing systems with lower power consumption and higher computation speed are being researched, but they are not able to handle the huge demand for data processing because they operate with electrical signals, just like conventional binary computing systems.
	New photonic chips for high-capacity data transmissions With the growth in artificial intelligence (AI), 5G systems, cloud computation, and the Internet of Things, transmitters with extremely high capacities are required for data communication. Ultrafast optical modulation is an essential technology for high-capacity transmitters. High-speed optical modulators have attracted considerable interest. Significant progress has been achieved using different mechanisms in various material systems.

Earth news

	Climate network analysis helps pinpoint regions at higher risk of extreme weather Climate change and the rapid increase in frequency of extreme weather events around the globe—such as wildfires and floods—reinforces the reality that these events are not only not random but, rather, interconnected. Interlinked climate behavior, or teleconnections, isn't a well understood field but will be necessary to fully comprehend how our climate system works.
	US groundwater is getting saltier—what that means for infrastructure, ecosystems, and human health Scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) have been monitoring groundwater quality in wells across the country for more than three decades, looking for harmful chemicals or residual substances that may cause harm to ecosystems or humans. In all, they have measured up to 500 chemical constituents, including major ions, metals, pesticides, volatile organic compounds, fertilizers, and radionuclides.
	Carbon dioxide pollution expected to hit new record in 2023, researchers say Global emissions of planet-heating carbon dioxide are expected to rise around one percent to reach a new all-time high in 2023, the climate scientist behind the preliminary research said Tuesday.
	Research finds water quality in Gulf of Mexico improves when adding social costs to carbon emissions U.S. Climate policies can offer options for putting climate change efforts into place that solve environmental problems like excessive carbon dioxide in the atmosphere created by greenhouse gas emissions. Research led by the University of New Hampshire took a closer look at what would happen to agriculture if there was an extra cost, or so-called social cost, added to fossil fuels, which are essential for making fertilizer used in farming.
	Decontamination method zaps pollutants from soil Filtration systems are designed to capture multiple harmful substances from water or air simultaneously, but pollutants in soil can only be tackled individually or a few at a time—at least for now.
	A simulation to visualize the evolution of Alpine ice cover over the last 120,000 years The last glacial period began around 115,000 years ago, and was punctuated by cold and warmer cycles, resulting in the advance and retreat of glaciers that shaped the landscape of the European Alps and their surroundings, carving out valleys. A new computer model makes it possible to reconstruct this evolution with unprecedented precision.
	Researchers test seafloor fiber optic cable as an earthquake early warning system One of the biggest challenges for earthquake early warning systems (EEW) is the lack of seismic stations located offshore of heavily populated coastlines, where some of the world's most seismically active regions are located.
	Subalpine forests in the Northern Rockies are fire resilient—for now Research shows that over 4,800 years in the Northern Rockies during wet periods and dry periods, subalpine forests consistently recovered from wildfires, growing back vegetation and leaving evidence of their resilience in lake sediment cores.
	Could 'marine cloud brightening' reduce coral bleaching on the Great Barrier Reef? It might sound like science fiction, but "marine cloud brightening" is being seriously considered as a way to shield parts of the ocean from extreme heat.
	We landed a camera on Venus before seeing parts of our own oceans—time to ramp up observations closer to home Viewed from the Voyager 1 space probe as it passed beyond the edge of the solar system, Earth and Venus might not look too different—same diameter, similar mass and distance from the sun.
	Tornadoes in the UK are surprisingly common and no one knows why A small tornado recently passed through the town of Littlehampton on England's south coast. Strong winds smashed windows, moved cars and left one person injured.
	What extreme fire seasons, and 2,500 years of forest history, tell us about the future of wildfires in the West Strong winds blew across mountain slopes after a record-setting warm, dry summer. Small fires began to blow up into huge conflagrations. Towns in crisis scrambled to escape as fires bore down.
	Machine learning provides a clearer window into ocean motion Oceanographers use satellites to peer down at Earth and measure the elevation of the ocean's surface. This information can help them map the circulation of the ocean's currents and understand the role this movement plays in heat transport and climate change. Launched in late 2022, the Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) satellite can take snapshots of sea surface heights at a finer scale than ever before possible—tens of kilometers instead of hundreds.
	Researchers predict thermal conductivity and heat flow distribution at core-mantle boundary A team led by Prof. Wu Zhongqing from the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) has predicted the thermal conductivity of bridgmanite and post-perovskite at high pressure and temperature using machine learning potential (MLP), and clarified the distribution of heat flow and the magnitude of heat flux at the core-mantle boundary (CMB).
	The earthworm effect: Unraveling soil weathering dynamics Earthworms, the hardworking invertebrates that grace the upper layers of soil, have long been considered helpful in our home gardens. Earthworms are prolific munchers, grinding up organic material and sediment grains that make up soils. Although they are very different animals, worms, like many poultry, have gizzards.
	Ocean circulation, ice melt and increasing tourism could all be contributing to Arctic microplastics Scientists measured microplastic concentrations in the highly productive Barents Sea and suggest that ocean circulation, ice melt, tourism, inadequate waste management, shipping and fishing are all likely contributors.
	Cracking the code of 2022's unprecedented heat waves and droughts Extreme weather events have been making headlines worldwide due to their increasing frequency and severity, often attributed to ongoing global-scale warming. The year 2022 was no exception, with record-breaking heat waves and droughts of highly unusual spatial extent, duration, and intensity.
	NASA September 2023 temperature data shows continued record warming Continuing the temperature trend from this summer, September 2023 was the hottest September on record, according to scientists at NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS). The month also set the record for the highest temperature anomaly—the largest difference from the long-term average.
	In 2020, 30% of the Pantanal was burned to cinders by wildfires In 2020, the Pantanal, the largest tropical freshwater wetland in the world and a biodiversity hotspot, was swept by high-intensity fires that destroyed native vegetation in an area totaling 44,998 square kilometers, or about 30% of the Brazilian portion of the biome, which spans some 150,000 km2. The estimate is presented in an article published in Fire.
	EU to seek virtual elimination of fossil fuels at COP28 The EU will seek a global phase-out of fossil fuels and for their use to reach a peak in this decade, according to the member states' common position adopted unanimously late Monday.
	Billions of dollars to clean up abandoned oil and gas wells will only make a dent An infusion of federal money has helped Louisiana plug nearly 500 abandoned oil and gas wells this year.
	Should LA care about salt in New Orleans' tap water? Yes. Here's why Los Angeles residents would be wise to keep an eye on New Orleans, where saltwater from the Gulf of Mexico is creeping up the Mississippi River and threatening the drinking water supply. Officials are tracking the daily movements of the saline wedge, which was predicted to reach some of the city's water intake valves by Thanksgiving. More recent forecasts hold out hope that most intakes will escape saltwater contamination.
	Five tips for a sustainable Halloween Halloween is the spookiest time of the year. However, as you prepare to send shivers down the spines of your friends and family, you may not have given much thought to the environmental footprint that this holiday conceals.
	First-of-its-kind hiking permit may be required in Colorado's gorgeous Blue Lakes The Blue Lakes, located in the San Juan Mountains between Telluride and Ouray, have become an international destination for hikers and mountaineers seeking to enjoy the Instagram-worthy alpine lakes and scale Mount Sneffels' 14,150-foot summit.
	A potentially improperly zoned, foul-smelling plant in southwest Dallas is shutting down A plant near homes in southwest Dallas that renders animal fat into biofuel is shutting down after The Dallas Morning News found that it appears to be operating without proper zoning.

Astronomy and Space news

	Astronomers report discovery of the closest ultrastripped supernova: SN 2021agco in UGC 3855 Astronomers report the discovery of a new ultrastripped supernova in the galaxy UGC 3855. The supernova was detected using the Half Meter Telescope (HMT) at the Xingming Observatory in China. The finding was detailed in a paper published October 7 on the pre-print server arXiv.
	International team reveals source of largest ever marsquake recorded A global team of scientists have announced the results of an unprecedented collaboration to search for the source of the largest ever seismic event recorded on Mars. The study, led by the University of Oxford, rules out a meteorite impact, suggesting instead that the quake was the result of enormous tectonic forces within Mars' crust.
	Vast $2 billion innovation hub is eyed at NASA Ames Silicon Valley complex A vast $2 billion innovation hub is being eyed at the NASA Ames Research Center in Mountain View, a complex that's poised to become a birthplace for cutting-edge technologies.
	Protostars can siphon material from far away, says study When stars are born, they do it inside a molecular cloud. Astronomers long assumed that the "crèche" supplied all the nutrients that protostars needed to form. However, it turns out they get help from outside the nest.
	NASA's Lucy spacecraft continues approach to asteroid Dinkinesh Since NASA's Lucy spacecraft first imaged the asteroid Dinkinesh on Sept. 3, 2023, Lucy has traveled over 33 million miles (54 million km) and is now 4.7 million miles (7.6 million km) away from the small asteroid. However, as Dinkinesh continues on its orbit around the sun, Lucy still has another almost 16 million miles (25 million km) to travel to its meet-up with the asteroid on Nov. 1.
	SpaceX launch today would equal Space Coast record for the year A planned SpaceX launch from Cape Canaveral Space Force Station on Tuesday would mark the Space Coast's 57th launch of the year equaling the record total seen in 2022.

Technology news

	Study unveils a new partially disordered phase in Li- and Mn-rich cathode materials Lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries are among the most widespread battery technologies worldwide, due to their light weight, high energy densities, easy fabrication process, rapid charging times and other advantageous properties. Identifying strategies that could boost their performance further or facilitate their future upscaling has been the focus of numerous recent studies.
	Fire-inhibiting, nonflammable gel polymer electrolyte for lithium-ion batteries A collaborative research team has achieved a milestone in battery technology. Their achievement in developing a non-flammable gel polymer electrolyte (GPE) is set to revolutionize the safety of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) by mitigating the risks of thermal runaway and fire incidents.
	Researchers develop soft-packaged, portable rehabilitation glove Researchers from the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) have proposed a soft-packaged and portable rehabilitation glove with fine movement training. It is expected to serve the fine motor rehabilitation and daily living assistance for tens of millions of patients with hand dysfunction around the world.
	New material could allow devices to turn wasted heat into useful electricity more efficiently Scientists have discovered a way to design materials that improve energy efficiency, in a breakthrough that could help the fight against climate change, make manufacturing greener, and could even take the hassle out of charging your smart watch.
	New computing hardware needs a theoretical basis, says study There is an intense, worldwide search for novel materials to build computer microchips with that are not based on classic transistors but on much more energy-saving, brain-like components. However, whereas the theoretical basis for classic transistor-based digital computers is solid, there are no real theoretical guidelines for the creation of brain-like computers.
	New recipe for efficient, environmentally friendly battery recycling Researchers at Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden, have found a new and efficient way to recycle metals from spent electric car batteries. The method allows recovery of 100% of the aluminum and 98% of the lithium in electric car batteries. At the same time, the loss of valuable raw materials such as nickel, cobalt and manganese is minimized. No expensive or harmful chemicals are required in the process because the researchers use oxalic acid—an organic acid that can be found in the plant kingdom.
	World may have crossed solar power 'tipping point,' study suggests The world may have crossed a "tipping point" that will inevitably make solar power our main source of energy, new research suggests.
	New technique helps robots pack objects into a tight space Anyone who has ever tried to pack a family-sized amount of luggage into a sedan-sized trunk knows this is a hard problem. Robots struggle with dense packing tasks, too.
	Miniaturized free-space optical breakthrough unlocks high-speed wireless communication anywhere In a world that relies on high-speed internet and seamless communication, the absence of a reliable fiber connection can be a significant hurdle. Fortunately, a cutting-edge technology known as free-space optical communication (FSO) offers a flexible solution for field-deployable high-speed wireless communication in areas where fiber connections are unavailable.
	Chinese search engine company Baidu unveils Ernie 4.0 AI model, claims that it rivals GPT-4 Chinese search engine and artificial intelligence firm Baidu on Tuesday unveiled a new version of its artificial intelligence model, Ernie 4.0, claiming that it rivals models such as GPT-4 in the U.S.
	Remaking an old Swedish oil depot into a giant underground 'thermos' Work lights strung up along railings illuminate a dank cavern where workers are preparing to transform a former oil depot into a hot water "thermos" to heat a Swedish town.
	Novel framework improves resilience to extreme weather Electricity production and distribution in the U.S. currently depends on more than 10,000 power plants, 642,000 miles of high voltage lines, 56,000 substations and 6.3 million miles of local distribution lines. Much of that infrastructure is over 30 years old.
	Amazon, Tripadvisor and other companies team up to battle fake reviews while FTC seeks to ban them Some of the most used platforms for travel and online shopping said Tuesday they're going to team up to battle fake reviews.
	Engine maker Rolls-Royce to axe up to 2,500 jobs Rolls-Royce, the British manufacturer of aircraft engines, said Tuesday it plans to axe up to 2,500 jobs worldwide, or about six percent of its staff, to further slash costs.
	Where did the cars go? How heavier, costlier SUVs and 'utes' took over Australia's roads If we're upset about the price of petrol, why do we drive the vehicles we do?
	Australia has fined X Australia over child sex abuse material concerns. How severe is the issue? What happens now? Australia's eSafety Commissioner, Julie Grant, has found X (formerly Twitter) guilty of serious non-compliance to a transparency notice on child sex abuse material. The commissioner has issued X with an infringement notice for A$610,500.
	What is a virtual power plant? An energy expert explains After nearly two decades of stagnation, U.S. electricity demand is surging, driven by growing numbers of electric cars, data centers and air conditioners in a warming climate. But traditional power plants that generate electricity from coal, natural gas or nuclear energy are retiring faster than new ones are being built in this country. Most new supply is coming from wind and solar farms, whose output varies with the weather.
	The move to a cashless society isn't just a possibility, it's well underway When was the last time you used cash? For many Australians using cash or even swiping a card has become a rare event.
	AI is closer than ever to passing the Turing test for 'intelligence'. What happens when it does? In 1950, British computer scientist Alan Turing proposed an experimental method for answering the question: can machines think? He suggested if a human couldn't tell whether they were speaking to an artificially intelligent (AI) machine or another human after five minutes of questioning, this would demonstrate AI has human-like intelligence.
	High-performance magnesium-air primary battery with nitrogen-doped nanoporous graphene as air electrodes In pursuit of a carbon-neutral society, advancement of the battery technology becomes imperative. Primary batteries, though non-rechargeable, hold promise as power sources for sensors and disaster scenarios because of their cost-effective production and voltage stability. However, most of these batteries employ expensive metal electrodes, such as lithium electrodes, necessitating exploration of alternative electrode materials.
	Lack of ambition and attention risks making electricity grids the weak link in clean energy transitions: Report Efforts to tackle climate change and ensure reliable supplies of electricity could be put at risk unless policymakers and companies quickly take action to improve and expand the world's electricity grids, according to a special report released today by the International Energy Agency (IEA).
	Apple CEO Tim Cook makes surprise visit to China Apple chief Tim Cook made a surprise visit to China this week, greeting gamers in the southwestern city of Chengdu as his company faces slumping phone sales in its biggest market.
	US tightens curbs on AI chip exports to China The United States on Tuesday said it was tightening curbs on exports of state-of-the-art AI chips to China, sending the share price of Nvidia and other semiconductor companies plummeting on Wall Street.
	EU states strike deal on electricity market reform EU member states reached an agreement to reform its electricity market after months of sparring between France and Germany over state support for nuclear energy, the European Council said Tuesday.
	General Motors delays electric pickup truck production at plant near Detroit as US EV demand slows General Motors will delay electric pickup truck production at a factory near Detroit due to slowing U.S. demand for electric vehicles, to better manage its capital investments, and to make some engineering changes.
	Q&A: Researchers aim to improve accessibility with augmented reality Big Tech's race into augmented reality (AR) grows more competitive by the day. This month, Meta released the latest iteration of its headset, the Quest 3. Early next year, Apple plans to drop its first headset, the Vision Pro. The announcements for each platform emphasize games and entertainment that merge the virtual and physical worlds: a digital board game imposed on a coffee table, a movie screen projected above airplane seats.

Chemistry news

	Art with DNA—digitally creating 16 million colors by chemistry The DNA double helix is composed of two DNA molecules whose sequences are complementary to each other. The stability of the duplex can be fine-tuned in the lab by controlling the amount and location of imperfect complementary sequences.
	Direct imaging of sequences and locations of glycans bound to biomolecules at a single-molecule level A team of organic chemists at the Max-Planck Institute for Solid-State Research, working with colleagues from the University of Tübingen and the University of Copenhagen, reports a way to take pictures of the sequences and locations of glycans (also known as polysaccharides) bound to several biomolecules at the single-molecule level. Their study is published in Science.
	Cocoa pods—a source of chocolate, and potentially, flame retardants As Halloween approaches, so too does the anticipation of a trick-or-treating stash filled with fun-sized chocolate candy bars. But to satisfy our collective craving for this indulgence, millions of cocoa pods are harvested annually. While the beans and pulp go to make chocolate, their husks are thrown away. Now, researchers reporting in ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering show that cocoa pod husks could be a useful starting material for flame retardants.
	Study demonstrates antimicrobial action of polyalthic acid from copaiba oil Polyalthic acid from copaiba oil is an effective antibacterial and should be used to develop alternative medications that can contribute to the effort to overcome antimicrobial resistance ("superbugs"), according to an article by researchers based in Brazil and the United States published in the journal Antibiotics.

Biology news

	Real-time visualization of plant-plant communications through airborne volatiles Plants emit volatile organic compounds (VOCs) into the atmosphere upon mechanical damages or insect attacks. Undamaged neighboring plants sense the released VOCs as danger cues to activate defense responses against upcoming threats. This phenomenon of airborne communication among plants through VOCs was first documented in 1983 and has since been observed in more than 30 different plant species. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying VOC perception to defense induction remain unclear.
	Novel hydrogel finds new aptamers, or 'chemical antibodies,' in days One double-helix strand of DNA could extend six feet, but it is so tightly coiled that it packs an entire sequence of nucleotides into the tiny nucleus of a cell. If that same DNA was instead split into two strands and divided into many, many short pieces, it would become trillions of uniquely folded 3D molecular structures, capable of bonding to and possibly manipulating specifically shaped molecules—if they're the perfect fit.
	Bacteria found in desert pave the way for paint that produces oxygen while capturing carbon An innovative paint that contains oxygen-producing bacteria capable of capturing carbon dioxide (CO2) has been created by scientists from the University of Surrey. Researchers suggest this paint, known as a "biocoating," could be used in extreme environments, such as space stations. This study was published in the journal Microbiology Spectrum.
	AI models identify biodiversity from animal sounds in tropical rainforests Tropical forests are among the most important habitats on our planet. They are characterized by extremely high species diversity and play an eminent role in the global carbon cycle and the world climate. However, many tropical forest areas have been deforested and overexploitation continues day by day.
	How climate change could cause havoc to the extraordinary lifespans of bats The extraordinary lifespans of bats could be under threat from rising global temperatures, according to new research published in Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences.
	New study reveals similarities in language development between chimpanzees and humans A new study has provided evidence that young chimpanzees are capable of vocal functional flexibility; a known building block in human language development.
	Multi-drug resistant strain of E. coli battles bacteria in healthy gut Different strains of E. coli can outcompete one another to take over the gut, a new study reveals.
	Orchid without pollinating bumblebee on island finds wasp, blurring orchid species boundary Because the bumblebee that an orchid relies on for pollination does not exist on a remote island, the plant gets pollinated by an island wasp. Kobe University researchers found that this came at the cost of being hybridized with another orchid species adapted to being pollinated by the wasp. The finding showcases how plants in ecological relationships adapt to changing circumstances.
	Unique marimo threatened by rising lake temperatures Rising lake water temperatures threaten the survival of marimo, unique algal balls found only in cold lakes. Kobe University researchers clarified that the warmer it gets, the more the inward decomposition outpaces the outward growth of these life forms, making them increasingly fragile.
	Surprising discovery about coral's resilience could help reefs survive climate change The factors affecting coral's resilience—its ability to adapt to and survive environmental changes—seem to be more nuanced than scientists believed.
	Hunted in New Zealand, conserved in Australia: Brushtail possum genome could help with population management efforts Researchers say mapping the genetic code of the brushtail possum will benefit those working to both conserve and control the animal.
	How to help save plants from extinction: Predicting their demise could keep them alive Now is the time to identify the conditions that cause plants to die. Doing so will allow us to better protect plants by choosing conservation targets more strategically, UC Riverside botanists argue in a new paper.
	Study investigates lions' interactions with humans in a diminishing habitat Humans and wildlife, including large carnivores, interact at an unprecedented scale as they increasingly share the world's landscapes. A new University of Michigan-led study of human-lion interactions found that lions tend to avoid human-dominated areas unless they are facing food scarcity and habitat fragmentation.
	Sustainable smart agriculture with a biodegradable soil moisture sensor Increasingly limited land and water resources have inspired the development of precision agriculture, which is the use of remote sensing technology to monitor air and soil environmental data in real time to help optimize crop output. Maximizing the sustainability of such technology is critical to proper environmental stewardship and cost reduction.
	Scientists discover the possible triggers for bacterial pathogens, opening the door for new treatment strategies The legendary Alexander Fleming, who famously discovered penicillin, once said "never to neglect an extraordinary appearance or happening." And the path of science often leads to just that. New UNLV research is turning the page in our understanding of harmful bacteria and how they turn on certain genes, causing disease in our bodies.
	Pathogen that plagues food processing plants eradicated by blue light Blue light kills both dried cells and biofilms of the pathogen Listeria monocytogenes, a frequent contaminant of food processing facilities. Demise of L. monocytogenes occurred quickest when cells or biofilms were placed on polystyrene, a widely used, transparent form of plastic. The research is published in Applied and Environmental Microbiology,.
	Saltwater crocodiles are slowly returning to Bali and Java. Can we learn to live alongside them? On January 4 this year, a three-meter saltwater crocodile heaved itself out of the water and up the beach. Nothing unusual about that—except this croc was on Legian Beach, one of Bali's most popular spots. The emaciated reptile later died.
	Researchers: Traditional farming knowledge should be stored for future use. The technology to do this is available Indigenous knowledge and traditional practices have played a critical role in development all over the world. For centuries, various disciplines ranging from medicine to biodiversity conservation have drawn on these resources.
	Study combines drones with GPS tracking to survey feral pig abundance and density A Charles Darwin University (CDU) study has identified early evening, or a wet season morning, as the prime time for surveying feral pigs from sky-high drones, which could help land rangers to improve management of the stealthy and invasive animals.
	Study suggests potential role of hybridization and polyploidization in species range expansion In a study published in BMC Biology, Prof. Chen Zhiduan's team at the Institute of Botany of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), together with their international collaborators, used densely sampled nuclear and plastid data to reconstruct a reliable reticulate evolutionary history of Causonis in a robust biogeographic framework.
	Agronomists protect plants from heavy metals with hormone therapy and the mineral zeolite RUDN University agronomists have shown that the hormone melatonin and the mineral zeolite mitigate the dangerous effects of heavy metals on plants. The first protects cells from destruction by cadmium, and the second increases nutrient availability and prevents the absorption of hazardous metals into the plant. The results were published in Scientia Horticulturae.
	Up to a billion birds collide with glass buildings every year, but architecture has solutions At least 1,000 birds were killed in one day in early October, when they collided with a single Chicago building, McCormick Place—the largest convention center in North America. A paradigm of architectural modernism, McCormick Place was built in stages from 1960 to 2017, and is a steel, concrete and glass behemoth.
	Geospatial technology can help corn producers assess potential wind damage in fields As cornfields suffer crop damage caused by weather, corn producers can use geospatial and remote sensing technologies to get a more accurate measurement of the damage and estimate potential economic loss, according to a recent study published in Frontiers in Agronomy.
	Dogs prefer food over toys, according to study Man's best friend is as treat-obsessed as we all thought.
	Study reveals surprising insights into dog sterilization, obesity As researchers continue to delve into the effects—both negative and positive—of spaying and neutering dogs, data included in a recent scientific publication in the Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association indicate that obesity rates in sterilized dogs vary by breed size.
	Sacramento Zoo is no longer home to chimpanzees. Here's why, and where they went For the first time in 75 years, the Sacramento Zoo is no longer home to a troop of chimpanzees.
	The brumby debate will never be settled until we face the role horses played in colonization, researcher says The brumby debate refuses to go away. Nothing seems able to settle this matter.
	Scientifically, efficiently and cost-effectively treating wastewater generated from anaerobic digestion The resource utilization of waste is important in the construction of an ecological civilization. Agricultural waste contains rich renewable resources and has high potential value in fertilization and energy conversion. Anaerobic digestion technology is promising for treating agricultural waste.

Medicine and Health news

	LSD use is on the rise, most prevalently among the depressed Research led by the New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, has looked into non-medical lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) use by people with major depression status and their sociodemographic characteristics.
	Study highlights the key role of the prefrontal cortex in regulating REM sleep Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep is the stage of the sleep cycle during which vivid dreaming typically takes place. This crucial sleep phase, characterized by relaxed muscles, rapid eye movements, an elevated heart rate and irregular breathing patterns, has been linked to the consolidation of memories and processing of emotions.
	New AI tool for PET imaging allows for high-quality, fully automated evaluation of brain tumors A new artificial intelligence tool provides a fully automated, easy-to-use and objective way to detect and evaluate brain tumors, according to new research published in the October issue of the Journal of Nuclear Medicine. Developed for use with amino acid PET scans, the deep learning–based segmentation algorithm can also assess brain tumor patients' response to treatment with quality comparable to that of an experienced physician, but in a fraction of the time.
	Striking changes to metal levels discovered in brain tissue of patients with Huntington's disease Scientists from The Universities of Manchester and Auckland have discovered widespread differences in metal levels in the brains of patients with Huntington's disease, a type of dementia, compared to a control group with healthy tissue.
	How AI can help uncover the way memory works Over the past few years, artificial intelligence—or AI—has started to revolutionize the world as we know it: some people now ask AI-based chatbots to write essays and summarize documents, others use AI-powered virtual assistants to send messages and control smart-home devices, others leverage the technology for drug discovery and development. Computational neuroscientist Friedemann Zenke uses AI to interrogate how the brain works.
	New study gives hope to patients with medically unexplained physical symptoms Medically unexplained physical symptoms (MUPS) are characterized by persistent bodily symptoms and functional impairment that lack an explanation through known medical condition or pathology.
	Spermidine found to rejuvenate oocyte quality by improving mitophagy during female reproductive aging A team of reproductive biologists at Nanjing Agricultural University has found that spermidine, a polyamine metabolite, helps oocytes clear away damaged mitochondria in mice, thereby improving mitophagy during female reproductive aging.
	Machine learning techniques give scientists faster returns of high-quality organ images When an algorithm-driven microscopy technique developed in 2021 (and able to run on a fraction of the images earlier techniques required) isn't fast enough, what do you do?
	Sleep and stress give clues to understanding epileptic seizures Sleeping patterns and stress hormones could be the key to understanding how and when people with epilepsy are likely to experience seizures, a new study reveals.
	Smart brain-wave cap recognizes stroke before the patient reaches the hospital A special brain-wave cap can diagnose stroke in the ambulance, allowing the patient to receive appropriate treatment faster. Jonathan Coutinho, neurologist at Amsterdam UMC, is one of the inventors the swimming cap and says, "Our research shows that the brain-wave cap can recognize patients with large ischemic stroke with great accuracy. This is very good news, because the cap can ultimately save lives by routing these patients directly to the right hospital." The research is published in Neurology.
	Genetic risk scores not useful in predicting disease, study argues Polygenic risk scores, which estimate a person's disease risk based on thousands or millions of common genetic variants, perform poorly in screening and prediction of common diseases such as heart disease, according to a new study led by UCL (University College London) researchers.
	Adults with ADHD are at increased risk for developing dementia, study suggests Adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are nearly three times more likely to develop dementia than adults without ADHD, according to a Rutgers study.
	Fighting antimicrobial resistance with new drug combinations In an extensive investigation, EMBL researchers have tested over 10,000 drug combinations against some of the leading pathogenic bacteria carrying antimicrobial resistance and causing mortality
	MRI brain scans help explain human attraction to fatty foods A team of neuroscientists and physiologists at the University of Cambridge, working with a pair of colleagues from the Wellcome Trust-MRC Institute of Metabolic Science at Addenbrooke's Hospital, has found that MRI scans can reveal the parts of the brain that are involved in responding to fatty foods. In their paper published in The Journal of Neuroscience, the group describes how they tested milkshakes with different amounts of fat, then asked volunteers to taste them while undergoing brain scans, and what they found by doing so.
	Researchers reveal link between Alzheimer's and sex hormones Alzheimer's disease disproportionately affects women, who represent about two-thirds of those diagnosed with the late-onset type of the disease.
	Scientists reverse drug resistance in prostate cancer by targeting 'hijacked' white blood cells Prostate cancer's resistance to treatment can be reversed in some patients by stopping hijacked white blood cells from being 'pulled into' tumors, according to new research published in Nature.
	Newborn illness linked to 71% of child deaths up to age 10, new study shows As many as 71.6% of child deaths up to age 10 are linked to illness as a newborn, according to a new University of Bristol-led study published today in the journal JAMA Network Open.
	Unlocking secrets of immune system proteins: A potential path to new treatments In the intricate dance of our body's defenses against harmful invaders, certain immune system proteins play pivotal roles. New research from the Bridge Institute at the USC Michelson Center for Convergent Bioscience, in collaboration with international teams from India, Australia and Switzerland, has shed light on these proteins.
	Human lung chip leveraged to faithfully model radiation-induced lung injury The lung is one of the tissues most sensitive to radiation in the human body. People exposed to high radiation doses following nuclear incidents develop radiation-induced lung injury (RILI), which affects the function of many cell types in the lung, causing acute and sustained inflammation, and in the longer term, the thickening and scarring of lung tissue known as fibrosis.
	New cancer therapy target stops tumor cells from sharing resources Researchers at University of California San Diego have discovered a process in which liver cells share molecules via vesicle exchange in order to multiply under conditions that would ordinarily suppress cell proliferation. They also found evidence that this process occurs in various types of cancer cells, paving the way for a new approach to tackling treatment resistance in cancer. The findings were published on October 17, 2023 in eLife.
	Germicidal UV lights could be producing indoor air pollutants, study finds Many efforts to reduce transmission of diseases like COVID-19 and the flu have focused on measures such as masking and isolation, but another useful approach is reducing the load of airborne pathogens through filtration or germicidal ultraviolet light. Conventional UV sources can be harmful to eyes and skin, but newer sources that emit at a different wavelength, 222 nanometers, are considered safe.
	Staggering increase in opioid-related deaths among people experiencing homelessness, new study finds People experiencing homelessness account for an increasing proportion of fatal opioid-related deaths in Ontario, Canada, reaching one in six such deaths by 2021, according to new research from ICES, Western University and Lawson Health Research Institute.
	Some antidepressants take weeks to kick in, and scientists may now know why Most folks know that certain antidepressants have to be taken for a few weeks before people start seeing improvement, and now a new study sheds light on that delay.
	Why improving bone health before complex spine surgery is important For people with bone problems such as osteopenia or osteoporosis, improving bone health before complex spine surgery is important. Improving bone density before spinal fusion or surgery to repair a deformity lowers the rate of complications, according to Mayo Clinic studies published in Spine and the Journal of Neurosurgery.
	Virtual reality helps people with hoarding disorder practice decluttering Many people who dream of an organized, uncluttered home à la Marie Kondo find it hard to decide what to keep and what to let go. But for those with hoarding disorder—a mental condition estimated to affect 2.5% of the U.S. population—the reluctance to let go can reach dangerous and debilitating levels.
	Fluctuating blood pressure: A warning sign for dementia and heart disease A new study by Australian researchers has shown that fluctuating blood pressure can increase the risk of dementia and vascular problems in older people.
	Florida researchers are giving depressed, anxious people psychedelics A therapy session with Patricia Brown starts like any other. She leads her clients into a peaceful, quiet room, draped in beige and generic, calming artwork.
	New study finds indoor mining service workers feeling the heat A new study by The University of Western Australia has revealed that indoor service workers in the mining industry bear the brunt of the cognitive, productivity and health impacts of extreme heat, when compared to maintenance crew working outdoors.
	'They treat you like an it': People with intellectual disability on seeing medical professionals "They don't treat you like a person. They treat you like an 'it.'"
	Significant discovery in breast cancer research: Inhibiting collagen XVIII function weakens cancer cells Researchers at the University of Oulu have made a discovery in breast cancer research. They demonstrated that the extracellular matrix protein collagen XVIII significantly promotes breast cancer progression and metastasis. Additionally, they showed that inhibiting the function of this collagen improves the efficiency of certain commonly used targeted therapies for breast cancer. These findings are significant as they may lead to the development of more effective and entirely new cancer drugs.
	Recognizing clinical signs of hyperthyroidism leads to appropriate treatments, reduces adverse impact on health Untreated hyperthyroidism, conditions where there is excess thyroid hormone present, can adversely affect health, leading to increased risks for abnormal heart rhythms, heart failure, osteoporosis, adverse pregnancy outcomes, metabolic abnormalities and increased mortality risk.
	Menstrual cups could reduce HSV-2 infection risk and improve vaginal health, trial shows Researchers from LSTM, in collaboration with researchers in Kenya and the U.S., have been investigating options for girls and young women in low-and-middle-income countries to manage menstruation with comfort and dignity and to improve health outcomes.
	Novel blood test identifies biomarkers in patients with Alzheimer's disease Early results from PharmaKure, a pharmaceutical company spun out from The University of Manchester, shows a novel whole blood test developed by the company is able to quantify Alzheimer's disease biomarkers.
	The potential return of yellow fever Mosquito-transmitted virus infections are on the rise and their spread is accelerating in Texas, Florida and elsewhere in the American South. With the rise of mosquito-borne illnesses, infectious disease experts at Baylor College of Medicine and Stanford School of Medicine are warning of the possible re-emergence of yellow fever in the southern portion of the U.S.
	Breast cancer is deadlier for Black women. A study of mammograms could help close the gap Are 3D mammograms better than standard 2D imaging for catching advanced cancers?
	Worried about your child's teeth? Focus on these three things One in three Australian children have tooth decay by the time they start school. This rises to more than 40% by the time they're 8 or 9.
	Parents make mistakes. So what does 'good enough parenting' look like? There is a huge amount of pressure on parents today—from feeding babies the "best organic purees" to making sure older children get all the developmental opportunities they could possibly need, while of course documenting the whole thing on Instagram.
	The roots of the North American opioid crisis, and three key strategies for stopping it The Netflix series "Painkiller" recently depicted how the over-prescribing of the medicine OxyContin wreaked havoc on American society.
	More screening vigilance needed to fight chronic liver disease: Study A new study by QIMR Berghofer published in the Medical Journal of Australia has highlighted the critical need for doctors to be more vigilant with early detection and monitoring of liver complications in patients with diabetes and obesity.
	Mental health first aid training works despite recent reports, say researchers More than 6 million people worldwide have been trained in Mental Health First Aid.
	Evaluating human performance in competitive and collaborative human-machine teams Do teams perform better when working collaboratively or competitively? How does a human perform when working alongside AI?
	Older adult drivers found to have a lower risk of causing motor vehicle crashes than younger drivers Drawing on data on motor vehicle crashes in Japan between 2016 and 2020, researchers at the University of Tsukuba examined the risk of at-fault motor vehicle crashes among older adult drivers. They found that the risk of causing crashes increased with the advancing age of drivers after middle age, but the risk among older drivers was nevertheless lower than that among young drivers.
	Researchers are examining the range of environmental effects on people's health over their whole lives Three decades ago, Professor Martine Vrijheid was investigating the prevalence of birth defects near hazardous waste sites across Europe as part of her Ph.D. work. She found that there was indeed an increased risk close to dumps.
	Smarter CT scans may approach the level of MRI and support dementia diagnosis In certain cases, a new method can provide as much information from brain images taken with computed tomography as images captured with magnetic resonance imaging. The method, presented in a study from the University of Gothenburg, could enhance diagnostic support, particularly in primary care, for conditions such as dementia and other brain disorders.
	New research investigates the impact of food security on college students' health, stress and well-being A new study from University of Alabama at Birmingham researchers highlights the impact of food security on college students' health and well-being.
	Boosting a weak immune system: Scientists find an unusual weapon against common virus Infections with cytomegalovirus (CMV) are extremely common and often pose no major threat to the vast majority of people. They can however be deadly for people whose immune system is weakened, for example, after bone marrow transplantation. Current treatments against CMV infections are very limited and can have severe side effects.
	Retraining the brain for better vision Hundreds of millions of people worldwide suffer from a vision condition called amblyopia, or lazy eye, with imbalanced vision in their two eyes. Unless this disabling condition is caught and treated at a young age, it's rare for children to regain full vision, because the brain learns to turn off the input from the "lazy" eye.
	Novel risk tool could help prevent strokes in patients with atrial fibrillation New research has found that patients in the U.K. with the heart rhythm disorder atrial fibrillation could benefit from a novel prediction tool for assessing the risk of stroke and major bleeding.
	Fire and rescue services could help early detection of mental ill health in older adults Fire and rescue service staff could help health care providers reach more patients in need by including early detection of mental ill health in older adults as part of their routine Home Fire Safety Visits, researchers have said.
	Q&A: Examining high school student mental health post-pandemic Mental health issues had been a concern before the pandemic, but they came into focus even more during this time. In a recent study published in the Journal of Adolescent Health, Dr. Mahmood Gohari from the University of Waterloo's School of Public Health Sciences used survey data from almost 5,400 Canadian adolescents to examine changes in depression and anxiety from 2018 until 2021. For World Mental Health Month, he discusses his findings:
	Study reveals health impact of eating disorders A new UK study has revealed a significant association between eating disorders and physical multimorbidity, shedding new light on the health risks faced by people with these conditions.
	Study shows mitochondrial protein plays key role in glioblastoma and therapeutic resistance Glioblastoma is the most common type of brain tumor that affects adults and, unfortunately, still remains incurable. In a new study, researchers have demonstrated that a specific mitochondrial protein plays an important role in glioblastoma, and can therefore be used as a potential target to reduce tumors.
	Public health interventions prevented transmission within Boston University of most SARS-CoV-2 cases, finds study SARS-CoV-2, the causative agent of COVID-19, began impacting the U.S. in March 2020 with many schools and universities shifting to remote education by early April 2020 in response to the public health emergency.
	B12 deficiency: A hidden trigger of inflammation? A new study has identified a compelling link between vitamin B12 deficiency and chronic inflammation, which is associated with a range of health problems including cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders.
	Watching movies could be good for your mental health Many of us enjoy sitting down to watch a good film because of the way movies can make us feel. A sad film might help us release our emotions or a comedy might lift our mood. Movies can also offer a chance to connect with and explore our emotions in a safe way.
	New study sheds light on the developmental mechanism of allergic conjunctivitis When it comes to eye allergies, the transition from allergen contact to bothersome symptoms has always been quick, appearing within a span of a few minutes. The initial stage of allergic conjunctivitis involves the penetration of allergen through the epithelial cell layer (cells covering the outer surface of the body). However, the exact mechanism underlying the rapid allergen transfer has remained a mystery so far.
	Depression, anxiety common among college students, finds study Depression and anxiety among college students is a growing public health problem. And new research from the University of Georgia suggests the problem may be worse for students who aren't the same race as most of their peers.
	Recovery checkups in primary care settings linked to increased substance use treatment and reduced drug abuse Highly vulnerable patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD) or substance use disorder (SUD) who received regular assessments after their initial intervention had substantially better outcomes a year later than those who did not receive the same follow-up, according to a new study.
	Brain connectivity found to be disrupted in schizophrenia Schizophrenia, a neurodevelopmental disorder that features psychosis among its symptoms, is thought to arise from disorganization in brain connectivity and functional integration. Now, a recent study in Biological Psychiatry: Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuroimaging, finds differences in functional brain connectivity in people with and without psychosis and schizophrenia that could help researchers understand the neural underpinnings of this disease.
	As atrocities in Gaza and Israel unfold, psychiatrists give advice on coping Whether or not you have loved ones in the Middle East, the horrors of the violence and suffering in Israel and Gaza are heart-wrenching and difficult to bear.
	Study reveals the complex impacts of the earned income tax credit enhancements on mental and physical health The effects of an enhanced Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) for single adults without dependent children might damage mental health for some recipients, according to a study at Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health called the Paycheck Plus Experiment for Healthy Aging, a comprehensive study aimed at understanding the health ramifications of adjustments to the Earned Income Tax Credit, a tax credit available to low-income workers when they file taxes. The findings are published in The Milbank Quarterly.
	Among adolescents, major depressive disorder prevalence varies by race, ethnicity The rates of major depressive disorder (MDD) vary from 14.5 to 26.5 percent among adolescents by race and ethnicity, according to a study published online Oct. 9 in JAMA Pediatrics.
	FDA moves closer to banning menthol cigarettes, flavored cigars A proposed rule from federal regulators that would ban menthol cigarettes and flavored cigars has been sent to the White House Office of Management and Budget for final review.
	Half of patients with newly diagnosed vitiligo do not receive treatment A high proportion of patients with newly diagnosed vitiligo do not receive any treatment, according to a study recently published in Dermatology and Therapy.
	'New era and treatment of breast cancer': AI is helping detect breast cancer earlier New AI-powered mammograms are helping doctors detect breast cancer earlier in patients, helping many avoid aggressive therapies and leading to better outcomes at Baptist Health South Florida's cancer institute in Boca Raton.
	New study unifies hypotheses behind the dietary cause of obesity that once seemed incompatible Nutrition experts have recognized for many years that western diets rich in fats and sugar may be behind the cause of obesity, but debate has reigned over the primary culprit—intake of too many calories? Specific foods such as carbohydrates or fat? This has led to some groups recommending reducing sugar, some reducing carb intake, while others believe the key is reducing high fat-foods.
	Researchers use AI to track chemotherapy complications, help families fighting pediatric cancer In Mexico, where cancer is the second leading cause of death for children, families travel a significant distance to specialty hospitals for chemotherapy treatment. After each round of chemotherapy, children are typically sent home to recover. But when a patient leaves the hospital after treatment, there is no system to follow up on their recovery or outcome. Meanwhile, families are left without guidance on when to seek medical attention for complications.
	Air pollution and breast cancer risk: A link that calls for action Women living and working in places with higher levels of fine particle air pollution are more likely to get breast cancer than those living and working in less polluted areas. Results of the first study to take account of the effects of both residential and workplace exposure to air pollution on breast cancer risk are presented at the ESMO Congress 2023 in Madrid, Spain.
	Largest US cardiac database shows excellent long-term survival after surgical aortic valve replacement A study published today in The Annals of Thoracic Surgery demonstrates outstanding long-term survival following low-risk isolated surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR).
	Q&A: Long COVID in kids—what can exercise reveal? After recovering from the initial infection, many adults develop long COVID and report persistent problems with fatigue, "brain fog," mood, and other symptoms that can last for months.
	High-intensity focused ultrasound procedure treats localized prostate cancer while preserving urinary, sexual function For Bruno Nahar, M.D., urological oncologist at Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center and Desai Sethi Urology Institute, performing the 150th focal high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) procedure on a patient with localized prostate cancer wasn't just about reaching a milestone.
	Editorial: GBP3-STING interaction in glioblastoma coordinates poor response to temozolomide A new editorial paper was published in Oncotarget, titled "GBP3-STING interaction in glioblastoma coordinates autophagy, anti-oxidative, and DNA repair programs in response to temozolomide."

Other Sciences news

	How a Bronze Age rock became a 'treasure map' for researchers A piece of rock with mysterious markings that lay largely unstudied for 4,000 years is now being hailed as a "treasure map" for archaeologists, who are using it to hunt for ancient sites around north-western France.
	Early Neolithic farmers arriving on the Baltic coast bucked trends and incorporated fish into their diets Pioneering early farmers who arrived on the Baltic coast 6,000 years ago may have taken up fishing after observing indigenous hunter-gatherer communities, a major new study has found.
	Study reveals our European ancestors ate seaweed and freshwater plants For many people seaweed holds a reputation as a superfood, heralded for its health benefits and sustainability, but it appears our European ancestors were ahead of the game and were consuming the nutrient-rich plant for thousands of years.
	Ancient Egypt had far more venomous snakes than the country today, according to new study of a scroll How much can the written records of ancient civilizations tell us about the animals they lived alongside? Published in Environmental Archaeology, Our latest research, based on the venomous snakes described in an ancient Egyptian papyrus, suggests more than you might think. A much more diverse range of snakes than we'd imagined lived in the land of the pharaohs—which also explains why these Egyptian authors were so preoccupied with treating snakebites!
	Study shows beavers had a big influence on how people in the Stone Age lived For thousands of years, beavers had a big influence on the Dutch ecosystem and the people that lived there. This is the conclusion of research by archaeologist Nathalie Brusgaard. The rodents were used for food, clothing and tools, and created a landscape hospitable to many other species.
	Study finds social media photos may drive new customers away Social media marketers sharing photos of people vacationing in exotic locales or attending events at exclusive venues may actually be driving new customers away, according to a recently published Tulane University study.
	Math disabilities hold many students back. Schools often don't screen for them Laura Jackson became seriously concerned about her daughter and math when the girl was in third grade. While many of her classmates flew through multiplication tests, Jackson's daughter relied on her fingers to count, had difficulty reading clocks and burst into tears when asked at home to practice math flashcards.
	Opinion: The World Bank and the IMF need to keep reforming to become fit for purpose The World Bank and the International Monetary Fund are being challenged to make substantial reforms so that they become fit for purpose in the 21st century.
	How smaller businesses can become net-zero influencers and enablers What if all of the UK's 48,000 hairdressing salons and barbershops started sharing water and energy-saving advice with their clients, alongside a clipper cut or a wash and blow dry? Previous studies have demonstrated that hairdressers can shape customers' environmental behavior with guidance they can trust and that relates to their everyday lives.
	Economists propose algorithm for flexible management of innovative enterprise for sustainable development Economists from RUDN University have created a methodology based on mathematical modeling to manage production effectively with rapidly emerging innovations. The results were published in Sustainability.
	Study examines role of working memory, cognitive functions in English learners learning to write When a person attempts to express their thoughts in writing, they use a series of cognitive functions like working memory to access words and ideas they want to convey, phonological awareness of concepts such as syntax and more. And that is in their native language.
	Beyond borders: Engaging high school youth internationally in research-based life sciences learning A new article in OMICS: A Journal of Integrative Biology emphasizes the feasibility and importance of making research-based learning in life sciences available to high school youth internationally.
	Federal grants for pollution remediation increase property values around the Great Lakes Nearly $1.23 billion has been spent by the U.S. government since 2004 on the cleanup of toxic pollutants in waterways resulting from manufacturing activities in historic areas around the Great Lakes.
	Accounting is facing a labor crisis. Could fraud be part of the solution? The field of accounting is facing a labor crisis. From the high rates of baby boomer CPAs that are retiring to the 4% decline in the number of college graduates earning a bachelor's or master's degree in accounting since the pandemic, accounting is steadily losing members of its work force.
	New dating of cave art reveals history of Puerto Rican people In the karstic caves of Puerto Rico, cave art paints the rock walls. Previous research has assigned ages to this art based on the ages of nearby archaeological artifacts within the caves, but these ages are relative and may not reflect the true timing of the art creation.
	Results are in for novel rhythm program giving preschoolers a 'brain boost' Preschool-aged children gain a "musician's advantage" by participating in a specialized rhythm program, investigations by Queensland University of Technology (QUT) researchers have found.
	SEC insider trading rule has loopholes, says study A rule to limit trading based on nonpublic stock information has limited effectiveness, according to a recent study by Texas McCombs Finance Professor Robert Parrino.
	Familiarity breeds contempt for moral failings, research suggests People judge members of their own circles more harshly than they judge individuals from other groups for the same transgressions, according to new Cornell University research.
	Four affordable housing strategies that are working in Canada Cities like Vienna or Singapore are often referenced in news headlines proposing solutions for Canada's housing crisis. But the arguments in favor of the strategies employed by these far-away cities often only skim the surface and can be easily dismissed with a response of "this will never work here."
	Nearly half as many people are launching businesses compared to 20 years ago, finds Canadian study Despite a population of 40 million, Canada has 100,000 fewer entrepreneurs than it did 20 years ago, according to a BDC study conducted in collaboration with the Université de Montréal Innovation Center and Millénium Québecor and released as part of BDC Small Business Week.
	Gig economy, cost of living crisis, housing hostility: Young Australians are feeling worse off than their parents Researchers from Monash University are looking at the link between insecure work and how young Australians are navigating post-school pathways such as employment, income and housing.
	Study examines how religious faith bolsters family hope and unity A new study from Brigham Young University finds that a family's religious beliefs and practices are a key catalyst to promote hope in the future and hope to manage personal challenges, which can help families build resiliency and unity.

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