Science X Newsletter Mon, Mar 25

Dear ,

Here is your customized Science X Newsletter for March 25, 2024:

Spotlight Stories Headlines

Research team proposes a novel type of acoustic crystal with smooth, continuous changes in elastic properties

Beyond cloning: Harnessing the power of virtual quantum broadcasting

Breaking the ice: Molecular insights into saltwater droplet freezing

Hot post-asymptotic giant branch star discovered in globular cluster ESO 37-1

Rainforest response to deglaciation impacted by Australian Indigenous populations, study finds

A strategy to suppress strain propagation in ultrahigh-Ni cathodes during fast charging

Scientists develop ultra-thin semiconductor fibers that turn fabrics into wearable electronics

Prestigious journals make it hard for scientists who don't speak English to get published, study finds

Saturday Citations: An anemic galaxy and a black hole with no influence. Also: A really cute bug

New findings shed light on finding valuable 'green' metals

NASA touts space research in anti-cancer fight

Geomagnetic storm from a solar flare could disrupt radio communications and create a striking aurora

US Moon lander 'permanently' asleep after historic landing: Company

'Winners and losers' as global warming forces plants uphill

New study reveals unintended consequences of fire suppression

Nanotechnology news

	Engineers develop novel method for manufacturing CAR T cells using lipid nanoparticles For patients with certain types of cancer, CAR T cell therapy has been nothing short of life changing. Developed in part by Carl June, Richard W. Vague Professor at the Perelman School of Medicine, and approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2017, CAR T cell therapy mobilizes patients' own immune systems to fight lymphoma and leukemia, among other cancers.
	Elusive 3D printed nanoparticles could lead to new shapeshifting materials In nanomaterials, shape is destiny. That is, the geometry of the particle in the material defines the physical characteristics of the resulting material.
	Catalysis breakthrough yields self-cleaning wall paint that breaks down air pollutants when exposed to sunlight Typically, beautiful white wall paint does not stay beautiful and white forever. Often, substances from the air accumulate on its surface. This can be a desired effect because it makes the air cleaner for a while—but over time, the color changes and needs to be renewed.
	DNA nanotube rings: Research team develops important building block for artificial cells During cell division, a ring forms around the cell equator, which contracts to divide the cell into two daughter cells. Together with researchers from Heidelberg, Dresden, Tübingen and Harvard, Professor Jan Kierfeld and Lukas Weise from the Department of Physics at TU Dortmund University have succeeded for the first time in synthesizing such a contractile ring with the help of DNA nanotechnology and uncovering its contraction mechanism. The results have been published in Nature Communications.
	Quantum interference could lead to smaller, faster, and more energy-efficient transistors An international team of researchers from Queen Mary University of London, the University of Oxford, Lancaster University, and the University of Waterloo have developed a new single-molecule transistor that uses quantum interference to control the flow of electrons. The transistor, which is described in a paper published in the Nature Nanotechnology, opens new possibilities for using quantum effects in electronic devices.
	Research team creates global roadmap to advance printable sensors for sustainability and quality of life A Simon Fraser University professor is helping make strides towards a "sustainable, intelligent world" by propelling printable sensor technologies.
	Integration of theory prediction and experimental electrooxidation of glycerol on nanosheets Glycerol, a major by-product of biomass refining accounting for approximately 10% of the yield, presents a significant challenge due to its global surplus. The presence of multiple active hydroxyl groups in glycerol unveils vast potential for the production of high-value chemicals. Formic acid (FA), a key product of glycerol conversion, is a critical organic chemical raw material with high demand in sectors such as pesticides, pharmaceuticals, and energy.

Physics news

	Research team proposes a novel type of acoustic crystal with smooth, continuous changes in elastic properties In dim light a cat sees much better than you do, as do dogs and nocturnal animals. That's because the structure of a cat's eye has a tapetum lucidum, a mirror-like layer immediately behind the retina. Light entering the eye that is not focused by the lens onto the retina is reflected off the tapetum lucidum, where the retina gets another chance to receive the light, process it, and send impulses to the optic nerve.
	Beyond cloning: Harnessing the power of virtual quantum broadcasting In a new study, scientists propose the concept of "virtual quantum broadcasting," which provides a workaround to the longstanding no-cloning theorem, thereby offering new possibilities for the transmission of quantum information.
	Breaking the ice: Molecular insights into saltwater droplet freezing In a new study, researchers have observed the freezing of saltwater droplets at a molecular level, offering new insights for de-icing and anti-icing technologies. Contrary to conventional wisdom, these droplets don't conform to the typical freezing patterns observed in pure water.
	The world is one step closer to secure quantum communication on a global scale Researchers at the University of Waterloo's Institute for Quantum Computing (IQC) have brought together two Nobel prize-winning research concepts to advance the field of quantum communication.
	Entanglement entropies of nuclear systems found to grow as the volume of those systems Entanglement is what Einstein called "spooky action at a distance." It is a key part of what distinguishes quantum mechanics from our everyday experience. In quantum mechanics, scientists use a measurement called entanglement entropy to quantify the amount of the entanglement between two subsystems—for example, between a system being studied and its environment.
	How many zebrafish constitute a school? 'Three,' say physicists Physicists are also interested in fish—above all when they are researching the formation of structures. A research team from Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf (HHU) and the University of Bristol (United Kingdom) has examined the schooling behavior of zebra danio (Danio rerio, also known as "zebrafish") using methods from the field of multi-particle physics. They explain that groups of just three fish already move in a similar way to large schools while, by contrast, two fish display completely different behavior.
	Pushing back the limits of optical imaging by processing trillions of frames per second Pushing for a higher speed isn't just for athletes. Researchers, too, can achieve such feats with their discoveries. This is the case for Jinyang Liang, Professor at the Institut national de la recherche scientifique (INRS), and his team, whose research results have recently been published in Nature Communications.
	Scientists deliver quantum algorithm to develop new materials and chemistry U.S. Naval Research Laboratory (NRL) scientists have published the Cascaded Variational Quantum Eigensolver (CVQE) algorithm in a recent Physical Review Research article. The algorithm is expected to become a powerful tool to investigate the physical properties in electronic systems.
	Ultrafast plasmonics for all-optical switching and pulsed lasers Plasmonics is playing a crucial role in advancing nanophotonics, as plasmonic structures exhibit a wide range of physical characteristics that are benefited by localized and intensified light-matter interactions. These properties are exploited in numerous applications, such as surface-enhanced Raman scattering spectroscopy, sensors, and nanolasers.
	Unlocking quantum computing power: Automated protocol design for quantum advantage Imagine a world where complex calculations that currently take months for our best supercomputers to crack could be performed in a matter of minutes. Quantum computing is revolutionizing our digital world. In a research article published in Intelligent Computing, researchers unveiled an automated protocol-design approach that could unlock the computational power of quantum devices sooner than we imagined.

Earth news

	Rainforest response to deglaciation impacted by Australian Indigenous populations, study finds Australia's Indigenous populations have played an important role in modifying the continent's landscape over millennia, particularly by using fire to create open spaces for daily activities. This continued until they left the area in approximately 1860 due to British colonization in the preceding decades, beyond which European land management styles and intensive farming practices became a prominent factor.
	New findings shed light on finding valuable 'green' metals Research led by Macquarie University sheds new light on how concentrations of metals used in renewable energy technologies can be transported from deep within the Earth's interior mantle by low temperature, carbon-rich melts.
	New study reveals unintended consequences of fire suppression The escalation of extreme wildfires globally has prompted a critical examination of wildfire management strategies. A new study from the University of Montana reveals how fire suppression ensures that wildfires will burn under extreme conditions at high severity, exacerbating the impacts of climate change and fuel accumulation.
	Small changes can yield big savings in agricultural water use, study reveals While Hollywood and Silicon Valley love the limelight, California is an agricultural powerhouse, too. Agricultural products sold in the Golden State totaled $59 billion in 2022. But rising temperatures, declining precipitation and decades of over pumping may require drastic changes to farming. Legislation to address the problem could even see fields taken out of cultivation.
	Study documents slowing of Atlantic currents While scientists have observed oceans heating up for decades and theorized that their rising temperatures weaken global currents, a new study led by a University of Maryland researcher documents for the first time a significant slowing of a crucial ocean current system that plays a role in regulating Earth's climate.
	New modeling shows the intensity of CO₂ uptake is higher in coastal seas than in the open ocean Coastal seas form a complex transition zone between the two largest CO2 sinks in the global carbon cycle: land and ocean. Ocean researchers have now succeeded for the first time in investigating the role of the coastal ocean in a seamless model representation.
	Scientists discover methods to regulate carbon storage in humus layer of forest in north China It is estimated that 30% of the world's terrestrial carbon stocks are found in the boreal forest, 60% of which is below ground. Organic soil horizons contain about one-third of the soil carbon. Therefore, the stability of boreal soils is critical to understanding global carbon cycle feedbacks to climate change and soil management. However, the regulating factors of humus carbon sequestration in the boreal forests globally are not entirely understood.
	Scientific drilling unravels historical mystery surrounding Santorini volcanic archipelago An international team of scientists co-led by Dr. Steffen Kutterolf from GEOMAR Helmholtz Center for Ocean Research Kiel has found evidence of a historical submarine eruption of the Kameni volcano on Santorini for the first time. In their paper, published today in the journal Nature Geoscience, they describe newly discovered pumice and ash deposits that support historical records of an underwater eruption in 726 CE.
	Climate change is shifting the zones where plants grow. Here's what that could mean for your garden With the arrival of spring in North America, many people are gravitating to the gardening and landscaping section of home improvement stores, where displays are overstocked with eye-catching seed packs and benches are filled with potted annuals and perennials.
	New Zealand's glaciers shrinking faster, scientist warns New Zealand's glaciers are shrinking as ice melts at an accelerating rate, a top government scientist warned Monday after concluding a monitoring expedition in the country's Southern Alps.
	Chicago ranked 2nd for worst air pollution in 2023 among major US cities, global report says Chicago ranked second among major U.S. cities with the worst air pollution in 2023, its average annual concentration of dangerous fine particulate matter almost three times global guidelines, according to a recent report. Even as national standards have tightened, pollution levels in the city still surpassed old regulations.
	Thousands of tons of microplastics found in Moreton Bay University of Queensland researchers estimate there could be up to 7,000 tons of microplastics polluting vital ecosystems in Brisbane's Moreton Bay.
	Cool paint coatings help pedestrians feel up to 1.5°C cooler in urban setting, field study finds A real-world study by researchers at NTU Singapore has shown that the use of cool paint coatings in cities can help pedestrians feel up to 1.5°C cooler, making the urban area more comfortable for work and play. The study is published in Sustainable Cities and Society.
	Droughts in Europe could be avoided with faster emissions cuts Rapid climate action could mean devastating dry periods in the Mediterranean become less frequent by the end of the century, a new study shows.
	A new look at Grand Canyon springs and possible threats from uranium mining A new research paper published recently in Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, coordinated by scientists from The University of New Mexico and collaborating institutions, addresses the complex nature and societal importance of Grand Canyon's springs and groundwater.
	Study reveals flood mud burden on Moreton Bay University of Queensland sampling during and after the February 2022 Brisbane River flood has sounded a warning about the future of Moreton Bay with climate change predicted to bring more extreme weather.
	Researching the spread of drought and its potential negative impacts It is important for water management to understand how drought spreads. In a new study, researchers from the WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF show that in every third case, atmospheric drought is followed by low water levels. More rarely does drought have a negative impact on groundwater.
	Antarctic sea ice near historic lows: Arctic ice continues decline Sea ice at both the top and bottom of the planet continued its decline in 2024. In the waters around Antarctica, ice coverage shrank to near-historic lows for the third year in a row. The recurring loss hints at a long-term shift in conditions in the Southern Ocean, likely resulting from global climate change, according to scientists at NASA and the National Snow and Ice Data Center. Meanwhile, the 46-year trend of shrinking and thinning ice in the Arctic Ocean shows no sign of reversing.
	Decreases in social disparities in air pollution during lockdown suggest the need for sustainable policies Is everyone equally affected by environmental pollution? This is the essence of 'environmental justice,' a concept that originated in the United States during the 1970s. It revolves around the idea of ensuring fairness and equity in environmental issues, preventing the disproportionate impact of environmental problems on specific groups or regions.
	Additional nutrients intensify dead zones in oceans, researchers find As more and more nutrients from land and air enter the world's oceans, the dead zones without oxygen in the water will increase in size and intensity. That is the warning that Ph.D. student Zoë van Kemenade, an organic geochemist at NIOZ, draws from her analysis of drill cores from the ocean floor off the coast of California.
	Toward continuous reservoir monitoring from space Most satellites are placed in orbit on 5-to-10-year missions to accomplish many tasks. One of the many functions of the satellites carrying a Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) is to monitor water reservoirs around the world. A significant portion of the world's freshwater lies in these reservoirs.
	Australia must lead the world on nature restoration through ambitious interpretation of international law Australia has a once-in-a-generation opportunity to halt and reverse biodiversity loss through ambitious law and policy reform.
	Rescuers race to find trapped people as Brazil storms kill at least 20 Rescuers in boats and aircraft raced against the clock Sunday to help isolated people in Brazil's mountainous southeast after storms and heavy rains killed at least 20 people.
	Sprinklers and drip irrigation help Iraqis beat drought After four years of drought, Iraqi farmer Mohammed Sami was about to abandon his father's parched land, but then a water-saving irrigation system revived his crops and his hopes.
	Brazil's Indigenous people turn to EU to save their savanna An EU law banning deforestation-derived products comes into effect at the end of 2024, but for Brazilian Indigenous people it contains an unbearable loophole: the Cerrado, Brazil's vast wooded savanna, is excluded from its scope.

Astronomy and Space news

	Hot post-asymptotic giant branch star discovered in globular cluster ESO 37-1 Astronomers have discovered a new post-asymptotic giant branch (PAGB) star in a Galactic globular cluster known as ESO 37-1 (or E3 for short) and derived its fundamental parameters. The finding is reported in a research paper published March 19 on the preprint server arXiv.
	NASA touts space research in anti-cancer fight Experiments in the weightless environment of space have led to "crazy progress" in the fight against cancer, NASA officials said at a recent event highlighting an important and personal initiative of US President Joe Biden.
	Geomagnetic storm from a solar flare could disrupt radio communications and create a striking aurora Space weather forecasters have issued a geomagnetic storm watch through Monday, saying an ouburst of plasma from a solar flare could interfere with radio transmissions on Earth. It could also make for great aurora viewing.
	US Moon lander 'permanently' asleep after historic landing: Company An uncrewed American lander that became the first private spaceship on the moon has met its ultimate end after failing to "wake up," the company that built it said.
	Modeling M87's jet: Why do black hole jets shine and pierce the cosmic sky? An international team led by Dr. Yuan Feng from Shanghai Astronomical Observatory of the Chinese Academy of Sciences has investigated the validity of the two main models of black hole jets by calculating the radiation predicted by these models and comparing it with observations of the M87 jet, and found that the "extraction of black hole rotational energy" model accurately predicted the observed jets, while the "extraction of accretion disk rotational energy" model struggled to explain the observational results.
	Astronauts have surprising ability to know how far they 'fly' in space New research led by York University finds astronauts have a surprising ability to orient themselves and gauge distance traveled while free from the pull of gravity.
	Stunning James Webb images show birth and death of massive stars The James Webb Space Telescope continues to surprise us with stunning pictures, but of what exactly? Astronomer Nienke van der Marel shows with three images how massive stars lead short but explosive lives.
	Planet cannibalism is common, says cosmic 'twin study' How stable are planetary systems? Will Earth and its seven siblings always continue in their steady celestial paths, or might we one day be randomly ejected from our cosmic home?
	'Dark stars': Dark matter may form exploding stars, and observing the damage could help reveal what it's made of Dark matter is a ghostly substance that astronomers have failed to detect for decades, yet which we know has an enormous influence on normal matter in the universe, such as stars and galaxies. Through the massive gravitational pull it exerts on galaxies, it spins them up, gives them an extra push along their orbits, or even rips them apart.
	Fill up your gas tank and prepare to wait. Some tips to prepare for April's total solar eclipse Stock up on groceries. Print off driving directions. And be very, very patient.
	Why warnings are being issued ahead of next month's total solar eclipse As next month approaches, anticipation for the 2024 total solar eclipse has set in. The eclipse, which will take place April 8, will be visible from Mexico through Canada, casting a brief moment when day momentarily turns to night.
	Colorado-based companies Voyager Space, Palantir join forces on national security work in space Denver-based companies Voyager Space and Palantir Technologies have signed an agreement to work together on enhancing national security capabilities in the commercial space realm.
	Why scientists are making space data into sounds When you travel somewhere where they speak a language you can't understand, it's usually important to find a way to translate what's being communicated to you. In some ways, the same can be said about scientific data collected from cosmic objects.
	Image: Hubble spots the Spider Galaxy This image from the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope shows the gauzy-looking celestial body UGC 5829, an irregular galaxy that lies about 30 million light-years away. Despite the lack of observations of this relatively faint galaxy, UGC 5829 has a distinct and descriptive name: the Spider Galaxy. Perhaps its distorted galactic arms with their glowing, star-forming tips hint at the clawed legs of an arachnid.
	Hubble sees new star proclaiming its presence with cosmic light show FS Tau is a multi-star system made up of FS Tau A, the bright star-like object near the middle of the image, and FS Tau B (Haro 6-5B), the bright object to the far right that is partially obscured by a dark, vertical lane of dust. These young objects are surrounded by the softly illuminated gas and dust of this stellar nursery. The system is only about 2.8 million years old, very young for a star system. Our sun, by contrast, is about 4.6 billion years old.
	'The ghost has taken the spirit of the moon': how Torres Strait Islanders predict eclipses It's eclipse season. The sun, Earth and moon are aligned so it's possible for the Earth and moon to cast each other into shadow.
	Russia's Soyuz MS-25 spacecraft docks to ISS Russia's Soyuz MS-25 spacecraft successfully docked to the International Space Station Monday, four days after its launch was delayed due to a technical issue, the Roscosmos space agency said.
	12P/Pons-Brooks: How and when to see the 'Devil Comet' A Mount Everest-sized 'devil' comet making its first visit to the inner solar system in more than 70 years could be visible to the naked eye over the next few weeks.
	Soyuz rocket carrying first Belorussian woman in space en route to ISS Two astronauts from Belarus and the U.S. have set off for the International Space Station together with a Russian cosmonaut, marking the first time that a woman from Belarus is traveling to space.
	A lunar eclipse is coming Sunday: Will Colorado be able to see it? A penumbral lunar eclipse will occur Sunday night—assuming the sky is clear—and could be of some interest to Colorado skygazers.
	Building ChatGPT-style tools with Earth observation Imagine being able to ask a chatbot, "Can you make me an extremely accurate classification map of crop cultivation in Kenya?" or "Are buildings subsiding in my street?" And imagine that the information that comes back is scientifically sound and based on verified Earth observation data.
	NRO mission launches from NASA Wallops on Electron rocket  NASA's Wallops Flight Facility supported the successful launch of a Rocket Lab Electron rocket at 3:25 a.m. EDT, Thursday, March 21, from Virginia's Mid-Atlantic Regional Spaceport on Wallops Island, Virginia.

Technology news

	A strategy to suppress strain propagation in ultrahigh-Ni cathodes during fast charging To meet the growing demand of the electronics industry and support the widespread deployment of electric vehicles, researchers will need to develop increasingly advanced and highly performing battery technologies. A promising approach for boosting the performance of lithium-ion batteries (LiBs) entails the use of nickel (Ni)-rich layered oxides as cathode materials.
	New all-liquid iron flow battery for grid energy storage A commonplace chemical used in water treatment facilities has been repurposed for large-scale energy storage in a new battery design by researchers at the Department of Energy's Pacific Northwest National Laboratory. The design provides a pathway to a safe, economical, water-based, flow battery made with Earth-abundant materials. It provides another pathway in the quest to incorporate intermittent energy sources such as wind and solar energy into the nation's electric grid.
	Pairing crypto mining with green hydrogen offers clean energy boost, study suggests Pairing cryptocurrency mining—notable for its outsize consumption of carbon-based fuel—with green hydrogen could provide the foundation for wider deployment of renewable energy, such as solar and wind power, according to a new Cornell University study.
	Large language models use a surprisingly simple mechanism to retrieve some stored knowledge Large language models, such as those that power popular artificial intelligence chatbots like ChatGPT, are incredibly complex. Even though these models are being used as tools in many areas, such as customer support, code generation, and language translation, scientists still don't fully grasp how they work.
	Engineering household robots to have a little common sense From wiping up spills to serving up food, robots are being taught to carry out increasingly complicated household tasks. Many such home-bot trainees are learning through imitation; they are programmed to copy the motions that a human physically guides them through.
	Vulnerability in virtual reality systems identified A team of computer scientists at the University of Chicago has uncovered a potential vulnerability in virtual reality systems—one that could allow a hacker to insert what the team describes as an "inception layer" between a user's VR Home Screen and their VR User/Server. The team has posted a paper describing their work and their findings on the arXiv preprint server.
	Novel quantum algorithm proposed for high-quality solutions to combinatorial optimization problems Combinatorial optimization problems (COPs) have applications in many different fields such as logistics, supply chain management, machine learning, material design and drug discovery, among others, for finding the optimal solution to complex problems. These problems are usually very computationally intensive using classical computers and thus solving COPs using quantum computers has attracted significant attention from both academia and industry.
	Semiconductors at scale: New processor achieves remarkable speedup in problem solving Annealing processors are designed specifically for addressing combinatorial optimization problems, where the task is to find the best solution from a finite set of possibilities. This holds implications for practical applications in logistics, resource allocation, and the discovery of drugs and materials.
	Behavior of granular materials has been difficult to visualize, but new method reveals their internal forces in 3D Granular materials, those made up of individual pieces, whether grains of sand or coffee beans or pebbles, are the most abundant form of solid matter on Earth. The way these materials move and react to external forces can determine when landslides or earthquakes happen, as well as more mundane events such as how cereal gets clogged coming out of the box.
	New method that uses quantum mechanics can lead to improved lithium metal batteries In a study published in Nature Energy, Dr. Perla Balbuena and Dr. Jorge Seminario, professors in the Artie McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering at Texas A&M University, developed a new method for understanding the impact of external pressure on lithium-metal batteries using quantum mechanics. A deeper understanding of the behavior of lithium ions under pressure can advance and improve lithium-metal battery fabrication processes to develop longer-lasting, more efficient battery technologies.
	EPA's new auto emissions standard will speed the transition to cleaner cars The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency released strict new emissions limits on March 20, 2024, for cars built from 2027 through 2032. The final rule for Multi-Pollutant Emissions Standards caps a process that started almost a year earlier, when the Biden administration first proposed groundbreaking regulations that would essentially require automakers to make a substantial pivot toward electrification.
	Generative AI could leave users holding the bag for copyright violations Generative artificial intelligence has been hailed for its potential to transform creativity, and especially by lowering the barriers to content creation. While the creative potential of generative AI tools has often been highlighted, the popularity of these tools poses questions about intellectual property and copyright protection.
	'Did you feel this AI cared about you?' Startup announces 'nursebots' Medical startup Hippocratic AI is collaborating with California-based tech company NVIDIA to develop empathetic health care agents using artificial intelligence.
	What happens to F1 drivers' bodies, and what sort of training do they do? Various forms of motorsport are passionately followed around the world, and the pinnacle of the sport is Formula 1—a fast-paced battle between drivers and teams with some of the most finely engineered vehicles in the world.
	Conspiracy theorist tactics show it's too easy to get around Facebook's content policies During the COVID pandemic, social media platforms were swarmed by far-right and anti-vaccination communities that spread dangerous conspiracy theories.
	Dig deep: US bets on geothermal to become renewable powerhouse Though geothermal represents only a tiny fraction of current US energy production, several businesses and President Joe Biden's administration are betting on technological advances to make it a backbone of the green transition.
	EU probes Apple, Google, Meta under new digital law The EU on Monday hit Apple, Google parent Alphabet and Meta with the first ever probes under a mammoth digital law, which could lead to big fines against the US giants.
	Study tests if AI can help fight cybercrime Artificial Intelligence (AI) could become a crucial asset to fight the growing global risk of cybercrime, a new study with Charles Darwin University (CDU) has found.
	Research finds AI algorithms can help 'mumpreneurs' New research, led by academics from Royal Holloway, University of London found AI algorithms generated significant economic and non-economic value for "mumpreneurs."
	My search for the mysterious missing secretary who shaped chatbot history The Massachusetts Institute of Technology's (MIT) Distinctive Collections archive is quiet while the blizzard blows outside. Silence seems to be accumulating with the falling snow. I am the only researcher in the archive, but there is a voice that I am straining to hear.
	Future robots to stay one step ahead of bushfires Bushfires can move at astonishing speeds. The land, amount of vegetation, and the weather all have a big impact on how a fire spreads. Staying one step ahead is no easy task, but our bushfire researchers are working on it.
	A high efficiency LED based on copper–iodide clusters A team led by Prof. Yao Hongbin from the University of Science and Technology of China (USTC) developed a high efficiency, high brightness warm white light-emitting diode (LED) based on copper-iodide cluster hybrids. Their work is published in Nature Photonics.
	An effective method for improving energy storage performance in lead-free relaxor ferroelectrics Next-generation advanced high/pulsed power capacitors urgently require dielectric materials with outstanding energy storage performance. (Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3-based material, a typical lead-free ferroelectrics, has the characteristics of high polarization strength and excellent component compatibility, making it emerge as a potential candidate for energy storage applications.
	GNSS Gyroscopes: A new horizon in motion measurement Attitude information, crucial in scientific and engineering fields, traditionally relies on instruments like gyroscopes for measurement, facing limitations in miniaturization and accuracy over time.
	Navigating the depths: A new calibration algorithm for underwater exploration technology Underwater vehicles play a pivotal role in exploring and understanding our oceans, necessitating precise navigation capabilities. The acoustic Long-Baseline (LBL) system, vital for submarine positioning, faces limitations due to its high infrastructure costs and complex deployment, confining its utility to small areas. This challenge restricts underwater vehicles' ability to navigate over long distances with high precision.
	A retrodirective array enabled by CMOS chips for two-way wireless communication with automatic beam tracking Beam directive communication at millimeter-wave and even higher frequencies is of significant global interest. By leveraging advanced array technologies, electromagnetic waves can be focused in specific directions for millimeter-wave transmission and reception, thereby maximizing the signal power in the intended direction while suppressing interference from others.
	Assessing the wind vulnerability of Patagonia's oil storage tanks In Latin America, specifically in Argentina, there's a burgeoning petroleum boom, largely thanks to the Vaca Muerta field, known for its substantial shale gas and oil reserves. However, this surge in oil output necessitates extensive fluid storage capacity, primarily in vertical oil storage tanks, which have proven vulnerable to extreme weather events, particularly high-speed winds, leading to potential severe damage.
	A new dawn for flexible electronics: Eliminating energy waste Researchers have unveiled an innovative approach to create flexible organic integrated circuits (ICs) devoid of parasitic capacitance. This advancement heralds a substantial enhancement in the dynamic performance and operating frequency of organic thin-film transistors (OTFTs) and rectifying diodes, charting a course toward the realization of high-performance, cost-effective, and energy-efficient flexible electronics.
	Study explores ergonomic mobility in firefighting gear: Improving the fit and function of US firefighter PPE Firefighting is considered one of the most dangerous professions due to the extreme conditions and hazards that firefighters face. They must use personal protective clothing (PPC) and equipment (PPE) for safety. Despite advancements in protective gear, especially for thermal hazards, the increased weight and bulk have compromised firefighters' mobility and comfort, exacerbating the risk of overexertion, stress, and injury.
	Bankrupt FTX sells stake in hot AI startup Anthropic FTX, the bankrupt company once run by disgraced crypto king Sam Bankman-Fried, will sell two-thirds of its shares in hot AI startup Anthropic for $880 million, a court filing said on Monday.
	Tired of AI doomsday tropes, Cohere CEO says his goal is technology that's 'additive to humanity' Aidan Gomez can take some credit for the 'T' at the end of ChatGPT. He was part of a group of Google engineers who first introduced a new artificial intelligence model called a transformer.
	Big brands could pivot easily if TikTok goes away. For many small businesses, it's another story If content creators and corporate executives made TikTok videos about the platform's possible U.S. demise, disco diva Gloria Gaynor's "I Will Survive" could supply the soundtrack.
	iPhone or iMonopoly? The feds take on Apple for smartphone antitrust violations The same day in 2007 that founder of Apple Computer Steve Jobs presented the company's fancy new mobile telephone, the iPhone, he dropped the word "computer" from the corporation's name. On this, like many things, Jobs was a visionary.
	Boosting the durability of eco-friendly cars' power source Proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) stand at the forefront of clean energy solutions for vehicles, promising zero emissions, high efficiency, and minimal noise. Despite these advantages, the path to widespread adoption is obstructed by significant durability and lifespan challenges. These obstacles are primarily due to the fuel cells' vulnerability under the variable and often harsh conditions of automotive operation.
	Industry shutdowns are messy and painful: Four lessons Australia's coal sector can learn from car makers Shifting Australia's electricity sector to low-carbon technologies and closing coal plants is vital to tackling climate change. But such transitions are easier said than done.
	Trump's social media company to start trading on the Nasdaq on Tuesday Trump Media & Technology Group, whose flagship product is social networking site Truth Social, will begin trading on the Nasdaq stock market on Tuesday.
	Boeing CEO to exit as safety concerns mount Boeing announced Monday a leadership shakeup headlined by the departure of CEO Dave Calhoun as the aviation giant faces heavy scrutiny following safety incidents and manufacturing issues.
	As Boeing turbulence persists: A look at past crashes and safety issues involving the plane maker Boeing keeps hitting more and more turbulence.
	A deep-learning and transfer-learning hybrid aerosol retrieval algorithm for a geostationary meteorological satellite A study published in Engineering introduces an innovative high-precision aerosol algorithm for a geostationary meteorological satellite.
	US court dismisses Musk lawsuit against anti-hate watchdog A US court on Monday rejected social network X's lawsuit against a nonprofit that had reported a spike in misinformation and hate speech on the platform since billionaire Elon Musk's takeover.

Chemistry news

	Scientists develop ultra-thin semiconductor fibers that turn fabrics into wearable electronics Scientists from NTU Singapore have developed ultra-thin semiconductor fibers that can be woven into fabrics, turning them into smart wearable electronics. Their work has been published in the journal Nature.
	Novel electrochemical sensor detects dangerous bacteria Researchers at Goethe University Frankfurt and Kiel University have developed a novel sensor for the detection of bacteria. It is based on a chip with an innovative surface coating that ensures only very specific microorganisms adhere to the sensor—such as certain pathogens.
	Filming ultrafast molecular motions in single crystal Understanding the behavior of matter is crucial for advancing scientific fields like biology, chemistry, and materials science. X-ray crystallography has been instrumental in this pursuit, allowing scientists to determine molecular structures with precision.
	Rapid production of isocyanate-free, biobased polyurethane foams at ambient temperature Researchers from CERM (Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules) at the University of Liège have just developed an innovative process for producing isocyanate-free, recyclable and biobased polyurethane (PU) foams by using a rapid foaming technology from room-temperature formulations.
	African catfish skin mucus yields promising antibacterial compound Scientists report they have extracted a compound with powerful antibacterial properties from the skin of farmed African catfish. Although additional testing is necessary to prove the compound is safe and effective for use as future antibiotic, the researchers say it could one day represent a potent new tool against antimicrobial-resistant bacteria such as extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing E. coli.
	New strategy proposed for direct synthesis of alcohols from reductive hydroformylation of alkenes Linear alcohols, as an important class of chemical products, are indispensable in the production of food, pharmaceuticals, plasticizers, and lubricants. Direct conversion of readily available alkenes into high-value alcohols is important but challenging in both organic synthesis and industry.
	Rectifying AI's usage in the quest for thermoelectric materials A team of researchers has used AI to identify a thermoelectric material with favorable values. The group was able to navigate AI's conventional pitfalls and big data challenges, offering a prime example of how AI can revolutionize materials science. Details were published in the journal Science China Materials on March 8, 2024.
	Enhancing safety in green adipic acid synthesis: The role of EDTA stabilizer and microchannel flow technology Adipic acid, a fundamental component in the manufacture of chemical fibers, nylon 66, engineering plastics, and various pharmaceutical, food, and chemical products, is commonly synthesized through a green process involving the oxidation of cyclohexene with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) catalyzed by sodium tungstate (Na2WO4).
	Researchers reveal new method for calculating mechanical properties of solids using machine learning A research team from Skoltech introduced a new method that takes advantage of machine learning for studying the properties of polycrystals, composites, and multiphase systems. It attained high accuracy, nearly as good as that of quantum-mechanical methods, which are only applicable to materials with less than a few hundred atoms.
	Enhancing fire safety: The emergence of PA-DAD as a sustainable flame retardant for epoxy resin composites Epoxy resin (EP), an essential material in various applications such as adhesives, coatings, and composites, faces challenges due to its intrinsic flammability and dense smoke production, posing threats to safety and property. To address these issues, modifications to enhance flame retardancy are imperative.

Biology news

	'Winners and losers' as global warming forces plants uphill Some plant species will "win" and others will "lose" as global warming forces them to move uphill, new research shows.
	Better phosphorus use can ensure its stocks last more than 500 years and boost global food production, study shows More efficient use of phosphorus could see limited stocks of the important fertilizer last more than 500 years and boost global food production to feed growing populations.
	Genome study shows humans pass more viruses to animals than we catch from them Humans pass on more viruses to domestic and wild animals than we catch from them, according to a major new analysis of viral genomes by UCL researchers.
	Research finds honey bees may be at risk for colony collapse from longer, warmer fall seasons The famous work ethic of honey bees might spell disaster for these busy crop pollinators as the climate warms, new research indicates.
	Wild bird gestures 'after you': Japanese tit uses wing movements for gestural communication A small-bird species, the Japanese tit (Parus minor), uses wing movements as a gesture to convey the message "after you," according to new research at the University of Tokyo, and published in Current Biology.
	Species diversity found to be directly correlated with productivity in eastern US forests When scientists and policymakers make tough calls on which areas to prioritize for conservation, biodiversity is often their top consideration. Environments with more diversity support a greater number of species and provide more ecosystem services, making them the obvious choice.
	Researchers discover evolutionary 'tipping point' in fungi Scientists have found a "tipping point" in the evolution of fungi that throttles their growth and sculpts their shapes. The findings, published in the journal Cell Reports, demonstrate how small changes in environmental factors can lead to huge changes in evolutionary outcomes.
	Scientists discover how a motor protein helps cells move Scientists have used the latest advances in microscopy to characterize how a motor protein helps cells crawl, according to a study published in the Journal of Cell Biology.
	Stem cell model offers first glimpse of early human development It's one of life's most defining moments—that crucial step in embryonic development, when an indistinct ball of cells rearranges itself into the orderly three-layered structure that sets the stage for all to come. Known as gastrulation, this crucial process unfolds in the third week of human development.
	Researchers build interactive, comprehensive database of fermentative prokaryotes Most organisms use oxygen to convert food into energy. However, in environments with little or no oxygen, life found other ways to produce energy, using a process called fermentation.
	Researchers carry out first peer-reviewed study of fecal microbiota transplants in dolphins Scientists have successfully carried out pioneering fecal microbiota transplantations on Navy bottlenose dolphins that showed signs of gastrointestinal disease.
	New fossil rove beetle is a first in Africa In the heart of Botswana, a discovery at the Orapa Diamond Mine has unveiled a fossil that sheds light on the evolutionary history of beetles.
	Machine learning model demonstrates effect of public breeding on rice yields in climate change Climate change, extreme weather events, unprecedented records in temperatures, and higher, acidic oceans make it difficult to predict the long-term fate of modern crop varieties.
	Gut microbiota and antibiotics: Missing puzzle piece discovered The intricacies of how intestinal bacteria adapt to their environment have yet to be fully explored. Researchers from the Helmholtz Institute for RNA-based Infection Research (HIRI) in Würzburg and the University of California, Berkeley, U.S., have now successfully closed a gap in this knowledge.
	Caller ID of the sea: Novel method of simultaneous acoustic tagging provides insight into whale communication For researchers studying the acoustic behavior of whales, distinguishing which animal is vocalizing is like a teacher trying to figure out which student responded first when the entire class is calling out the answer. This is because many of the techniques used to capture audio record a large sample size of sounds.
	How wild is the Bengal cat genome? If you're wondering who holds the title of domestic cat royalty, look no further than the stunning Bengal breed. They take the prize for the most popular breed in The International Cat Association (TICA) registry due to their unique, exotic appearance and affectionate charm of a beloved house companion.
	GPT-4 for identifying cell types in single cells matches and sometimes outperforms expert methods GPT-4 can accurately interpret types of cells important for the analysis of single-cell RNA sequencing—a sequencing process fundamental to interpreting cell types—with high consistency to that of time-consuming manual annotation by human experts of gene information, according to a study at Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health. The findings are published in the journal Nature Methods.
	Tasmania's tall eucalypt forests will be wiped out by heat waves unless we step in to help them Tasmania's tall eucalypt forests are globally significant. They accumulate carbon faster than any other natural forest ecosystem in the world.
	Pangolins in Africa: Expert unpacks why millions have been traded illegally and what can be done about it Pangolins are fascinating creatures known for their unique appearance and distinctive scales. They are mammals belonging to the order Pholidota and are native to Africa and Asia. Due to their primary diet of ants and termites, pangolins are often referred to as "scaly anteaters".
	Cocoa beans are in short supply: What this means for farmers, businesses and chocolate lovers A shortage of cocoa beans has led to a near shutdown of processing plants in Côte d'Ivoire and Ghana, the two countries responsible for 60% of global production. With chocolate makers around the world reliant on west Africa for cocoa, there is significant concern about the impact on the prices of chocolate and the livelihood of farmers. Cocoa researcher Michael Odijie explains the reasons for the shortage.
	Gray-headed flying-fox population is stable—10 years of monitoring reveals this threatened species is doing well Flying foxes, or fruit bats, are familiar to many Australians. So it may come as a surprise to learn two of the four mainland species, both gray-headed and spectacled flying foxes, are threatened with extinction.
	Almost a third of Australia's plant species may have to migrate south if we hit 3 degrees of warming For ecologists, one of the most pressing questions is to understand how ecosystems will change or adapt as the climate changes rapidly. We are already seeing many species of plant and animal moving uphill and towards the poles in response to higher temperatures. It's very likely most species will move to track their preferred temperature niche.
	Post-menopausal whales may help solve the mystery of female longevity Although life can seem to go whizzing by, humans are actually weirdly long-lived animals. A new study helps explain why: menopause.
	Nevada's first big-game moose hunt will be tiny as unusual southern expansion defies climate change In what will be a tiny big-game hunt for some of the largest animals in North America, Nevada is planning its first-ever moose hunting season this fall.
	The key to Florida beaches' hurricane recovery: The humble sea oat From eye level, the wisps of green emerging from sand dunes up and down Pinellas County's barrier islands look sparse, stubby, almost tentative as they peek at the sun. Below the surface, though, they are spreading out, trapping sand in place and acting as a sort of skeleton for a whole ecosystem.
	Most detailed long-term study in the world provides science to support Scottish salmon recovery Six decades of ecological monitoring on a stream close to King Charles' Deeside home is providing the science needed for the fight to preserve one of Scotland's keystone species.
	With living robots, scientists unlock cells' power to heal Near the entrance to Michael Levin's lab at Tufts, four deer antlers are mounted on wooden boxes. They represent an incredible feat of regeneration in mammals: Deer shed their antlers annually and regrow the bone, blood vessels, nerves, and skin at a rate of half an inch per day.
	Discovery of rare bee species links the French Alps to remote regions in Turkey and Iraq A team of European researchers have discovered a new species of osmiine bee with an unusual geographic distribution.
	Food prices will climb everywhere as temperatures rise due to climate change Climate change, and specifically rising temperatures, may cause food prices to increase by 3.2% per year, according to a new study by researchers in Germany. As climate change continues to worsen, this price inflation will mean more and more people around the world don't have a varied and healthy diet, or simply don't have enough food.
	Bird flu: What is it, how does it spread and how can we protect ourselves from it? There has been an outbreak of H5N1 bird flu in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso's capital. The viral disease, also called avian influenza, killed 441 chickens out of a flock of 641 on a farm.
	What your fruit bowl reveals about climate breakdown Spring arrived in style on March 26 2021 in Kyoto, Japan, as cherry trees reached the peak of their bloom. This marked the earliest recorded date when most flowers have opened in a series of annual records dating back to 812 AD—over 1,200 years.
	New data confirms swift parrot population fears A new evaluation from The Australian National University (ANU) of the number of swift parrots left in the wild has confirmed their population size is likely only a few hundred and declining rapidly.
	Researchers uncover key biomolecule involved in whooping cough infection Researchers have identified a new complex-carbohydrate biomolecule, or glycan, that plays a key role in the nasal colonization of the Bordetella bacteria responsible for whooping cough. The discovery could make it possible to create a new drug or vaccine that interferes with the glycan to greatly reduce or even stop ongoing Bordetella transmission.
	Study describes structure of antiviral drug bulevirtide bound to hepatitis B and D virus receptor protein NTCP A recent article in the journal Nature Communications describes the structural basis of mimicked HBV/HDV viral peptide drug interaction with its receptor NTCP.
	Citizen scientists contribute vital information about 35 seahorse species Thanks to diligent observers, seahorses, those enigmatic and charismatic fish, are not only being discovered in new habitats and expanded geographic ranges, they are also being found at new ocean depths. While their capacity for male pregnancy has long fascinated people, new information on sex ratio and pregnancy seasonality has been discovered by, well, you.
	Moths big and small are vanishing from southern US cities Insects of all stripes are in the midst of a vanishing act, a catastrophic sleight-of-hand occurring so rapidly that scientists can't keep up. Things get even trickier when you consider that insects have a complex life cycle with eggs, larvae, pupae and adults. Are they all disappearing at equal rates, or are some faster than others? Few people have checked.
	Sea urchin killer spreads to new species, region A parasite that devastated long-spined sea urchins in the Caribbean and Florida in 2022 has caused another die-off more than 7,000 miles away in the Sea of Oman.
	Researchers develop numerical models to better understand long-term effects on lake ecosystems Although numerous lakes around the world have been showing an increase in annual mean temperature over the last few decades, it still remains difficult to assess long-term warming-related impacts in water bodies with various physical and chemical properties and diverse communities.
	Food production using controlled environment agriculture and agrivoltaics systems could become the new normal New research from the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) and Virginia Tech suggests that technologies such as controlled environment agriculture and agrivoltaics may become part of the future of farming.
	Orcas covered in scars left by 'cookiecutter sharks' may be new population, study says A group of killer whales spotted hunting off the coast of California and Oregon over two decades may actually be their own unique population of animals, a new study says.
	Maple syrup from New Jersey: You got a problem with that? Welcome to New Jersey, known around the world for Tony Soprano, Turnpike tolls, chemical plants, and ... maple syrup?
	Dam removal spurs the return of salmon, and a local tribe's hopes of sustainable fishing After decades of waiting for two dams to come down on the Elwha River on Washington State's Olympic Peninsula, and another decade of monitoring salmon populations, the Lower Elwha Klallam Tribe (LEKT) was finally able to open a small ceremonial and subsistence Coho salmon fishery this past October. As other salmon populations struggle to survive the impacts of climate change and human development in the Pacific Northwest, the story of the Elwha's returning Coho salmon provides hope for other communities working to save their own fish.
	Alternative proteins are here. The next 30 years could be crucial for NZ's meat and dairy sectors The history of farming is seeded with technological "big bang" moments that have changed the trajectory of whole industries and countries.
	A microalgae–material hybrid promotes carbon neutrality Microalgae, including cyanobacteria and green algae, represent the most important biological systems for producing biomass and high-value products. It is estimated that microalgae can fix about 90 billion tons of carbon dioxide per year, which accounts for more than 40% of the global net photosynthetic carbon fixation.
	Baby gorilla cuddled by mother at London Zoo remains nameless The newest endangered baby gorilla at the London Zoo is more than six weeks old but doesn't yet have a name. Zookeepers aren't even sure if it's a male or female because they haven't been able to get close enough to examine it.

Medicine and Health news

	Gene discovery offers new hope for people living with chronic skin disease Scientists from The Australian National University (ANU) have discovered a gene mutation is responsible for causing psoriasis—a chronic inflammatory skin disease that causes patients to develop red, scaly and itchy patches across their body. The research is published in Nature Communications.
	Global study could change how children with multiple sclerosis are treated A new study—the largest of its kind globally—has found children with multiple sclerosis (MS) have better outcomes if treated early and with the same high-efficacy therapies as adults. The findings were published in Lancet Child and Adolescent Health.
	Cancer therapies show promise in combating tuberculosis What could cancer teach us about tuberculosis? That's a question Meenal Datta has been chasing since she was a graduate student.
	New implant and app enable patients to monitor bladder function Should you run to the bathroom now? Or can you hold it until you get home? A new implant and associated smartphone app may someday remove the guesswork from the equation.
	Research suggests common household chemicals pose threat to brain health A team of researchers from the Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine has provided fresh insight into the dangers some common household chemicals pose to brain health. They suggest that chemicals found in a wide range of items, from furniture to hair products, may be linked to neurological diseases like multiple sclerosis and autism spectrum disorders.
	Study reveals new details about Argonaute syndromes, a class of neurodevelopmental disorders Research by Victor Ambros, Ph.D., provides new insights into a recently identified class of neurodevelopmental disorders called Argonaute syndromes. Dr. Ambros and colleagues believe their Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences paper will help inform clinical and translational researchers in their pursuit of a treatment for this class of neurodevelopmental and autism-spectrum disorders.
	Scientists identify a key driver of myelin repair New research from scientists at the Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute at Stanford University has identified a key driver of myelination, the formation of protective fatty sheaths around nerve fibers.
	Does pregnancy accelerate aging? Study suggests that it does, at first New research from the Yale School of Medicine (YSM) published in Cell Metabolism suggests that pregnancy accelerates aging, but with an important caveat—there appears to be significant reversal of this effect in the postpartum period.
	Mitochondrial DNA fragment losses predict Parkinson's disease before symptoms appear The survival of neurons, unlike most other cells in the body, depends largely on the energy provided by mitochondria, intracellular organelles that contain their DNA to function properly.
	Newly discovered beneficial mutation in mitochondrial DNA seems to help Alzheimer's gene carriers live longer Researchers at the USC Leonard Davis School of Gerontology have discovered a genetic mutation in a small mitochondrial protein that may promote longevity, preserve cognitive function, and protect against Alzheimer's disease among carriers of APOE4, a gene associated with a dramatic increase in the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease.
	Study with rodents identifies key genes for control of blood pressure and heart rate Brazilian and American researchers have identified 87 genes linked to alterations in blood pressure and 144 others associated with variations in heart rate. The findings, published in the journal Science Advances, create a unique opportunity for scientists to extend their knowledge of the origins of cardiovascular disease, the leading cause of death worldwide.
	Research identifies characteristics of cities that would support young people's mental health As cities around the world continue to draw young people for work, education, and social opportunities, a new study identifies characteristics that would support young urban dwellers' mental health. The findings, based on survey responses from a global panel that included adolescents and young adults, provide a set of priorities that city planners can adopt to build urban environments that are safe, equitable, and inclusive.
	New research deepens Havana Syndrome mystery The mystery of so-called Havana Syndrome, which struck down dozens of US diplomats, deepened Monday as new research found no tangible evidence of brain injury in those affected.
	Study shows participation in free school meals program cuts obesity prevalence Participation in the Community Eligibility Provision (CEP) universal free school meals program reduces the prevalence of obesity among students, according to a study published online March 18 in Pediatrics.
	Fiber supplements could improve brain function in seniors, study says Fiber is essential for the digestive system. It helps maintain a healthy weight and lowers the risk of diabetes, heart disease and certain cancers. Getting the right amount of fiber, whether through food or drinks, is a great way to relieve constipation.
	Positive causal link ID'd between computer use, erectile dysfunction A higher genetic susceptibility to leisure computer usage is associated with an increased risk for erectile dysfunction (ED), according to a study published in Andrology.
	Global fertility rate to keep plummeting, major study warns The population of almost every country will be shrinking by the end of the century, a major study said Wednesday, warning that baby booms in developing nations and busts in rich ones will drive massive social change.
	Autism risk may rise with in utero exposure to antiseizure meds The incidence of autism spectrum disorder is higher among children exposed to topiramate in the second half of pregnancy compared with the general population of children without exposure to antiseizure medications in utero, according to a study published in the March 21 issue of the New England Journal of Medicine.
	New studies suggest millions with mild cognitive impairment go undiagnosed, often until it's too late Mild cognitive impairment—an early stage of dementia—is widely underdiagnosed in people 65 and older. That is the key takeaway of two recent studies from our team.
	How safe are your solar eclipse glasses? Cheap fakes from online marketplaces pose a threat, supply-chain experts say Americans from Maine to Texas are set for a rare treat on April 8, 2024, when a total solar eclipse will be visible across much of the U.S.
	CARv3-TEAM-E T-cell treatment beneficial for recurrent glioblastoma For patients with recurrent glioblastoma, treatment with chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cells engineered to target the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) variant III tumor-specific antigen, in addition to the wild-type EGFR protein, through secretion of a T-cell-engaging antibody molecule (TEAM; CARv3-TEAM-E) results in radiographic tumor regression, according to a study published online March 13 in the New England Journal of Medicine.
	Bypassing oral immunotherapy buildup safe in children with food allergy An initial phase of multifood sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) that bypasses oral immunotherapy (OIT) buildup is safe and effective, according to a study published online Feb. 27 in the Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice.
	New classification of tuberculosis to support efforts to eliminate the disease A new way to classify tuberculosis (TB) that aims to improve focus on the early stages of the disease has been presented by an international team involving researchers at UCL.
	Canadian study finds physician work hours, especially for male doctors, have declined since 1987 Physicians in Canada, especially male physicians, are working fewer hours than they did three decades ago, and these long-term trends must be considered in workforce planning, according to new research in CMAJ (Canadian Medical Association Journal).
	Microplastics found in artery plaque linked with higher risk of heart attack, stroke and death Microplastics and nanoplastics are everywhere in our environment—including in our oceans and lakes, farmland, and even Arctic ice algae.
	Lab tests show THC potency inflated on retail marijuana in Colorado Cannabis flower sold in Colorado claims to contain much more tetrahydrocannabinol, or THC, than it actually does, according to my findings published in the peer-reviewed journal PLOS One.
	Is your blood aging your brain? It might increase your dementia risk By 2050, the global population of adults 60 and older will approximately double, leading to upward of 153 million dementia cases. That's why University College Cork neuroscience professor Yvonne Nolan and Ph.D. student Sebastian Dohm-Hansen Allard are investigating the relationship between dementia risks and what's in your blood.
	What's in tattoo ink? My team's chemical analysis found ingredients that aren't on the label and could cause allergies Tattoos are an incredibly common form of permanent self-expression that date back thousands of years. Most tattoo artists follow strict health and sanitation regulations, so you might assume that tattoo inks are carefully regulated, too.
	Life expectancy increased from 2021 to reach 77.5 years in 2022 Life expectancy increased to 77.5 years in 2022, while the age-adjusted rate of drug overdose deaths increased from 2002 to 2022 but did not change from 2021 to 2022, according to two March data briefs published by the National Center for Health Statistics.
	What's the difference between autism and Asperger's disorder? Swedish climate activist Greta Thunberg describes herself as having Asperger's while others on the autism spectrum, such as Australian comedian Hannah Gatsby, describe themselves as "autistic". But what's the difference?
	A primer on recent measles outbreaks, transmission, symptoms and complications, including 'immune amnesia' Canada is seeing a resurgence of measles, with cases in the first quarter of 2024 already far surpassing the total for all of 2023. There were 12 cases last year, and more than three times that number so far in 2024, with 38 reported as of March 19.
	Research highlights importance of support reciprocity during early-stage dementia care In cases of Alzheimer's disease, it's common for a spouse to take on the role of caregiver. Research led by the University of California, Davis, suggests that patients can also support their caretakers, and that reciprocated care has mutual benefits.
	Mifepristone access is coming before the US Supreme Court. How safe is this abortion pill? The U.S. Supreme Court will take up a case Tuesday that could impact how women get access to mifepristone, one of the two pills used in the most common type of abortion in the nation.
	Race is on to make Paris Olympics mosquito-free France is scrambling to make sure that that virus-carrying tiger mosquitos, a growing menace in Europe, don't spoil the Paris Olympics for athletes and fans, with millions of visitors due in the French capital for the summer Games.
	In abortion pill case, US high court may undermine drug regulator If the US Supreme Court, which on Tuesday hears a sensitive case on the availability of abortion pills, ultimately decides to restrict their access, it will impinge on the scientific authority of the federal Food and Drug Administration in unprecedented and consequential ways.
	Pandemic accord talks at loggerheads as time ticks away The final round of talks on a landmark pandemic accord faces a frantic last push this week, with countries still pulling in different directions on how to handle future global health crises.
	Factors that contribute to differences in cervical cancer screening in rural and urban community health centers In the United States, community health centers (CHCs) mainly serve historically marginalized populations. New research reveals that both before and during the COVID-19 pandemic, females receiving care at rural CHCs were less likely to be up to date with cervical cancer screening than those in urban CHCs.
	Rapid rise in syphilis hits Native Americans hardest From her base in Gallup, New Mexico, Melissa Wyaco supervises about two dozen public health nurses who crisscross the sprawling Navajo Nation searching for patients who have tested positive for or been exposed to a disease once nearly eradicated in the U.S.: syphilis.
	Bedrest may affect cholesterol dynamics differently depending on age, study suggests A new study examining cholesteryl esters suggests that periods of prolonged inactivity may affect people differently depending on their age. Cholesteryl esters—which consist of cholesterol molecules bonded with fatty acids—store and transport cholesterol throughout the body.
	How diabetes might lead to Alzheimer's: Study suggests the liver is key New research conducted in mice offers insights into what's going on at the molecular level that could cause people with diabetes to develop Alzheimer's disease.
	New compound offers hope for deadly tropical disease A newly developed compound is showing promise in animal studies as a more effective treatment for human schistosomiasis, an understudied tropical disease caused by parasitic worms. The spread of schistosomiasis, a disease responsible for nearly 12,000 deaths globally each year, has been documented in 78 nations.
	More exposure to artificial, bright, outdoor nighttime light linked to higher stroke risk People continuously exposed to bright, artificial light at night may be at increased risk of developing conditions that affect blood flow to the brain and having a stroke, according to research published in Stroke.
	Study shows ChatGPT performs well in answering genetic testing questions ChatGPT accurately answers questions about genetic syndromes, genetic testing, and counseling, according to a study presented at the Society of Gynecologic Oncology Annual Meeting on Women's Cancer, held from March 16 to 18 in San Diego.
	First gene therapy for children with metachromatic leukodystrophy approved by FDA The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved Orchard Therapeutics' Lenmeldy (atidarsagene autotemcel) as the first gene therapy for the treatment of children with metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD).
	Four in 10 adults choose telemedicine visits Many patients, including those with the greatest care needs, choose telemedicine even when in-person visits are available, according to a study published online March 22 in JAMA Network Open.
	Eli Lilly warns that two insulin products will be in short supply Drugmaker Eli Lilly & Co is announcing a temporary shortage of two of its insulin products.
	Efficacy and safety of tirzepatide in overweight and obese individuals with type 1 diabetes A new study published in the journal Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics has evaluated the use of tirzepatide in overweight/obese adults with type 1 diabetes. Tirzepatide is approved for managing type 2 diabetes. It improves glucose control, facilitates weight loss, and improves cardiovascular disease outcomes.
	We created a VR tool to test brain function. It could one day help diagnose dementia If you or a loved one have noticed changes in your memory or thinking as you've grown older, this could reflect typical changes that occur with aging. In some cases though, it might suggest something more, such as the onset of dementia.
	New research suggests intermittent fasting increases risk of dying from heart disease, but the evidence is mixed Intermittent fasting has gained popularity in recent years as a dietary approach with potential health benefits. So you might have been surprised to see headlines last week suggesting the practice could increase a person's risk of death from heart disease.
	2 in 3 parents say their adolescent or teen worries about how sick days may impact grades Many parents struggle deciding whether their middle or high school aged child should stay home from school if they don't feel well, a new national poll suggests.
	Researchers propose host-directed therapy to stimulate immune system to eliminate tuberculosis Tuberculosis (TB) is the world's deadliest bacterial disease and most commonly affects the lungs. Recent years have seen an increase in drug-resistant TB cases leaving many patients with limited treatment options. The only vaccine—BCG—is relatively ineffective at preventing TB in adults. New treatments are urgently needed.
	Cognitive performance at age four can be predicted in infancy Using electroencephalogram (EEG) data collected before the age of 1, it is possible to predict which babies will have the highest adaptive behavior scores at the age of 4.
	Sweeping review reveals latest evidence on the diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring of ADHD Hundreds of studies are published each year on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but more work is needed to ensure those findings improve lives.
	Aspirin cuts liver fat in clinical trial The most common chronic liver disease—metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD)—is characterized by an increased buildup of fat in the liver due to factors such as obesity and type 2 diabetes.
	A promising new approach to data sharing in neuroscience research Loren Frank's HHMI lab at UCSF has pioneered an ambitious framework for sharing vast neuroscience datasets and complicated analysis methods, a step toward tipping the culture of science toward more effective and fruitful collaboration.
	Study shows impact of cessation of universal BCG vaccination on pediatric TB epidemiology in Ireland A new study from the School of Nursing and Midwifery, Trinity College Dublin has explored the effects of stopping universal Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination in Ireland. The study was recently published in the journal Vaccine in time for World TB Day 2024 (24th March).
	Online dashboard to help fight to save children from deadly diarrheal diseases University of Virginia researchers are developing a flexible online tool for navigating information used in the fight to save children from deadly diarrheal diseases by identifying transmission hotspots and accelerating the deployment of treatments and new vaccines.
	Pre-pregnancy risk factors are common among women of reproductive age Researchers want to improve the recording of pregnancy risk factors in GP medical records for their women patients after a Monash University-led audit found a concerning number were at risk.
	How firearms move from legal purchase to criminal use Between 1996 and 2021, more than 5.2 million handguns and almost 2.9 million long guns were legally purchased in California. During 11 years of that time frame, 2010-2021, California law enforcement officers recovered 45,247 of these guns from crime scenes.
	Students lead new study on barriers facing Black medical students pursuing surgical residency A study led by fourth-year undergraduate medical students at the University of Toronto (U of T) is shedding light on the experiences of Black medical students in applying for a surgical residency in Canada.
	Greener streets linked to better sleep Living on a greener street or having views of blue spaces from your home will help you sleep for longer.
	What Ireland's smoking ban 20 years ago can teach us about big changes to human behavior In March 2004, the Republic of Ireland became the first country in the world to ban smoking in indoor public places, including bars and restaurants.
	Water allergy: A debilitating but thankfully rare condition In the realm of medical anomalies, few conditions captivate curiosity and concern quite like aquagenic urticaria, commonly known as "water allergy".
	Medical science has made great strides in fighting TB, but reducing poverty is the best way to end this disease Every year, 10 million people fall ill with tuberculosis. Even though the disease is both preventable and curable, it kills 1.5 million people each year, making it the world's deadliest infectious disease. Over 25% of these deaths occur in African countries. The World Health Organization has developed a strategy to reduce TB deaths by 95% by 2035. It's a monumental task. But, global health and infectious disease specialist Tom Nyirenda tells health editor Nadine Dreyer, there are grounds for hope.
	Princess of Wales and King Charles: 1 in 2 people develop cancer during their lives The Princess of Wales released a moving video message on March 22 to address speculation about her health. In it, the future queen disclosed that she'd been diagnosed with cancer following tests conducted after she underwent major abdominal surgery at a clinic in London in January.
	Does everybody hurt? AI detects depression online A study in the International Journal of Computational Systems Engineering has introduced a new approach to identifying depression through the analysis of online comments, particularly on social media platforms, including Reddit, one of the earliest and still-popular microblogging systems.
	Deep learning enables faster, more accurate decisions for treatment of shoulder abnormalities QUT scientists have developed a deep learning framework to detect shoulder abnormalities such as fractures in X-ray images with 99% accuracy to enable clinicians to make correct and speedy decisions in emergency situations.
	We've taken smoking from 'normal' to 'uncommon' and we can do the same with vaping—here's how Vaping is a pressing public health issue. While adult smoking rates continue to fall, vaping rates are rising. Some 7% of adults now vape daily, up nearly three-fold since 2019. Most alarmingly, the rate of current vape use—on a daily, weekly or monthly basis—among 18-to-24-year-olds has climbed from 5% in 2019 to 21% in 2023.
	'Urgent and sustainable' action needed to safeguard health, according to new report on health and climate change A focus on heat and health, and decarbonization of the health sector, are among the key implications of the latest report of the MJA–Lancet Countdown on health and climate change, published in the Medical Journal of Australia.
	RaDPi-U: Fast and convenient drug screening with urine samples Drugs, both legal and illegal, cause millions of cases of severe intoxication every year, leading to health complications and even fatalities. Often, they are also implicated in violent and sexual harassment crimes, as well as accidents.
	Higher BMI variability linked to adverse cardiovascular disease events Higher body mass index (BMI) variability is associated with adverse cardiovascular disease (CVD) events, according to a study published online March 21 in JAMA Network Open.
	AI-generated responses to patient portal messages are feasible, usable Physicians who utilize artificial intelligence (AI)-generated draft replies to patient portal messages find the technology easy to adopt and use and beneficial to their overall well-being, according to a study published online March 20 in JAMA Network Open.
	There's only one syphilis medication for pregnant people and the supply is running out The government has a role to play in solving the shortage of the only medication that can treat syphilis in pregnant people, Northeastern University experts say.
	Incurable but not hopeless: How hope shapes patients' awareness of their advanced cancer prognosis Hope is defined as the expectation of achieving a future good. Patients with cancer, whether it is curable or not, prioritize cure as their highest hope.
	Study finds boys' mental health more impacted by COVID-19 pandemic than girls' The COVID-19 pandemic had a greater impact on boys' mental health than girls, contrary to the findings of other studies, according to new research led by scientists at University of Liverpool, Manchester Metropolitan University, University of Reading, and King's College London.
	Colorectal cancer gene implicated in broad range of solid tumors A gene associated with colorectal cancer appears to also play a role in the development of other solid tumors, according to a study of over 350,000 patient biopsy samples conducted by researchers at the Johns Hopkins Kimmel Cancer Center, the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and Foundation Medicine.
	Novel study compares fracture patterning in fatal, survived intimate partner violence cases Intimate partner violence (IPV) is an underreported global human rights issue that affects approximately 25% of women and 10% of men and is the leading cause of homicides among women worldwide. Multiple interventional studies have been conducted to screen for IPV. However, fractures associated with intimate partner homicide (IPH) have not been studied from a forensic anthropological perspective.
	High neighborhood eviction rate may harm Black moms' mental health Living in a neighborhood with high eviction rates over time is associated with higher rates of psychological distress among pregnant Black women compared to those who live in areas with lower eviction rates, a new study has found.
	COVID-19 pandemic has left an enduring imprint on colorectal cancer surgery While the COVID-19 pandemic is no longer considered a public health emergency, pandemic-related stressors continue to impact cancer care across the board. New research published this week in the Journal of the American College of Surgeons (JACS) describes how surgery for colorectal cancer—the third most commonly diagnosed cancer—was considerably disrupted during the pandemic.
	Patient recovery after surgery for esophageal cancer isn't influenced by using standard or keyhole incisions New research has found no evidence of a difference between recovery time and complications when comparing standard and keyhole surgical incisions for the treatment of oesophageal cancer (cancer of the gullet). The study, led by the University of Bristol Medical School and published in the British Journal of Surgery, showed surgeons treating patients with oesophageal cancer do not need to change their practice if they have a strong preference for either procedure type.
	Study links long-term consumption of reused deep-fried oil with increased neurodegeneration A new study found higher levels of neurodegeneration in rats that consumed reused deep-fried cooking oils and their offspring compared to rats on a normal diet. Deep frying, which involves completely submerging food in hot oil, is a common method of food preparation around the world.
	App can help people reduce their alcohol intake A free smartphone app, Drink Less, can help people who would benefit most from reducing their alcohol consumption to do so successfully, according to a large randomized controlled trial led by UCL researchers and involving University of Bristol academics.
	Crackdown on illicit drugs detects rise in 'designer' drug substitutes As authorities crack down on illicit drugs, University of South Australia experts have issued an alert on the use of the synthetic stimulant pentylone, as new research finds a 75% increase in detections across Australia.
	Worrying regional disparities found in lower limb amputation caused by arterial disease A new study, led by researchers from the University of Sheffield and published in BJS Open, highlights the urgent need to improve care and prevention strategies, especially for people with diabetes. It also emphasizes the urgent need to address persisting regional disparities in health care access and outcomes.
	New evidence-based guideline for the management of osteoporosis in men Worldwide, it is estimated that one in five men over the age of 50 years will experience an osteoporotic fracture in their remaining lifetime, and the number of hip fractures in men is expected to rise by approximately 310% between 1990 and 2050. Despite its great burden among older men, osteoporosis is still often viewed as a 'woman's' disease, and underdiagnosis and undertreatment of the condition in men are even more prevalent than in women.
	ABT199/Venetoclax synergism with thiotepa in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells A new research paper titled "ABT199/venetoclax synergism with thiotepa enhances the cytotoxicity of fludarabine, cladribine and busulfan in AML cells" has been published in Oncotarget.
	Confusing assistance requirements contribute to food insecurity among college students Food insecurity among college students is associated with negative physical and mental health and lower academic performance and graduation rates. A recent research study in the Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior investigates why over half of college students eligible for the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)—the nation's largest food assistance program—do not apply.
	Insights from patient who cleared hepatitis C could lead to vaccine By studying individuals who spontaneously clear hepatitis C infections, a team of researchers has identified viable vaccine targets for a disease that infects 70 million worldwide with case numbers increasing every year.
	New research identifies promising drug combination for multiple myeloma treatment New research from the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland has found that venetoclax, a medication currently approved for leukemia, provides benefits for patients with multiple myeloma when used in combination with another drug. This discovery offers a new avenue of treatment options for the currently incurable disease.
	New surfactant could improve lung treatments for premature babies Scientists have developed a new lung surfactant that is produced synthetically rather than relying on the use of animal tissues. With further development, the formulation could provide a cheaper and more readily available alternative to Infasurf, a medication used to prevent and treat respiratory distress in premature babies.
	Study shows heat mitigation improves worker safety and the bottom line Climate change is a major factor in laborer safety. A new study from UConn's Korey Stringer Institute shows how heat mitigation can help keep workers safe and productive.
	Study finds less obesity in 3- and 4-year-olds after the pandemic The prevalence of overweight and obesity in the group of three- and four-year-olds in Sweden has decreased after the pandemic. The increase during the pandemic thus appears to have been temporary. These are the findings of a study conducted at the University of Gothenburg and Uppsala University.
	Study suggests statins could help fight gum disease Could taking statins benefit your mouth in addition to your arteries? A new study conducted in cell cultures has shown that cholesterol-lowering drugs help to dampen the inflammation associated with periodontal disease by altering the behavior of macrophages, a type of immune cell.
	Study suggests that estrogen may drive nicotine addiction in women A newly discovered feedback loop involving estrogen may explain why women might become dependent on nicotine more quickly and with less nicotine exposure than men. The research could lead to new treatments for women who are having trouble quitting nicotine-containing products such as cigarettes.
	Uncovering missing tuberculosis cases 'key to elimination' In the journey towards a world free of tuberculosis (TB), the crucial first step begins with identifying individuals affected by the disease.
	CBD products don't ease pain and are potentially harmful, study finds There is no evidence that CBD products reduce chronic pain, and taking them is a waste of money and potentially harmful to health, according to recent research led by the University of Bath in the UK.
	Not just a headache: Migraines can cause significant disability More than a quarter of people who live with migraine disease say the condition has caused them to miss school or work for more than five days over a three-month period, a survey from the University of Otago, Wellington, and the Migraine Foundation Aotearoa New Zealand has found.
	Transmasculine people report higher dietary supplement use than general population More than 1 million people in the United States identify as transgender; however, there is limited research on nutrition-related health outcomes for transgender people. To narrow the research gap, Mason MS, Nutrition student Eli Kalman-Rome has investigated common motivations of dietary supplement use in transmasculine people. The study defined transmasculine as people on the transgender and gender-nonbinary spectrum who were assigned female at birth.
	Friend or foe: A closer look at the role of health care algorithms in racial and ethnic disparities For years, it was harder for Black patients to secure a coveted spot on the national kidney transplant waitlist because a clinical algorithm was making Black patients appear healthier than they were. After a Penn Medicine researcher exposed the problem in 2019—and showed how it exacerbated racial disparities in kidney disease—a national task force recommended removing race from the algorithm's scoring, a move that has quickly been adopted throughout the country in an effort to reduce racial inequity.
	Social media and photo-editing apps tied to higher interest in cosmetic procedures Time spent on social media and use of photo-editing applications contribute to the desire to undergo a cosmetic procedure, according to a study recently published in the Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology.
	FDA may ban electroshock devices used on some psychiatric patients Federal regulators are taking a second stab at banning the controversial use of electroshock devices to manage the behavior of patients with intellectual and developmental disorders.
	Grandparents can have a major impact on a mom's mental health, study says In the bustling world of parenting, where the to-do list seems never-ending, there's a new beacon of hope—grandparents. A study from Finland, dubbed the "happiest country in the world," reveals the significant positive impact of grandparental support on a mother's mental health.
	Tuberculosis cases are rising in California, and state officials are sounding the alarm Tuberculosis cases are rising again in California, and health officials are urging those at higher risk, as well as doctors, to be alert for the disease, which can lurk in people's bodies for years before becoming potentially deadly.
	Florida reports 11th measles case of 2024, this time linked to international travel Florida reported another measles case on Friday, bringing the state's total to 11 cases this year amid a worldwide uptick in a highly infectious disease once thought to be eliminated in the U.S.
	Study: Black men may be less likely to receive heart transplant than white men, women Black patients in need of a heart transplant may be less likely to receive one than white patients, according to a new study led by Indiana University School of Medicine researchers.
	Transforming root canal treatments: The rise of precision dentistry Endodontic diseases present a significant challenge in dentistry due to their complex nature and the precision required in treatment. Traditionally, the success of these treatments has heavily relied on the dentist's skill and experience. Digital Guided Therapy (DGT) emerges as a transformative solution, leveraging state-of-the-art technology to enhance treatment precision and outcomes.
	Study shows Latino and Black fathers' perception of sons' sexual readiness is key to effective condom guidance A new study from Annals of Family Medicine reveals that a father's understanding of his son's readiness for sexual relationships plays a crucial role in the timing and effectiveness of discussions regarding condom use guidance. The findings offer valuable insights for family-focused health care providers, guiding them to encourage fathers to initiate conversations about sexual readiness and the importance of correct and consistent condom use with their adolescent sons.
	US life expectancy rose overall, but overdose deaths still set records As the pandemic wound down, life expectancy in the United States began to bounce back in 2022, although deaths among children increased and drug overdose deaths continued to reach record highs, new government research shows.
	Brain cancer breakthroughs using the immune system offer hope against glioblastoma A flurry of new studies suggest scientists are finally figuring out how to harness the immune system to attack a ruthless form of brain cancer. While preliminary, the results offer hope that progress is possible against glioblastoma, the terrible form of cancer that so swiftly took the lives of Arizona Senator John McCain and President Joe Biden's son Beau.
	Under the weather? A season-by-season look at how the atmosphere affects your body and health If you're feeling "under the weather" these days, you're probably human.
	Treatments tailored to you: How AI will change NZ health care, and what we have to get right first Imagine this: a novel virus is rapidly breaking out nationwide, resulting in an epidemic. The government introduces vaccination mandates and a choice of different vaccines is available.
	Health supplements recalled as 26 hospitalized in Japan A Japanese drugmaker said Monday that 26 people had been hospitalized in relation to health supplements the company has recalled because of concerns over kidney problems.
	Pandemic accord: the key points The World Health Organization's 194 member states have spent two years working towards a new international accord on pandemic preparedness and response.
	Causes of hair loss (alopecia) in children Hair loss (alopecia) may not be as common in kids as adults, but there are variety of a reasons it may happen. While it can be upsetting for both parents and children, the condition usually improves once the cause is identified and addressed.
	Amid mental health staffing crunch, Medi-Cal patients help one another Three people gathered in a classroom on a recent rainy afternoon listened intently as Derrick Cordero urged them to turn their negative feelings around.
	Tony Bennett's struggle with Alzheimer's revealed As Tony Bennett releases what may well be his last album, his family has disclosed that the 1950s crooner who became popular with younger audiences decades later has Alzheimer's disease.
	Updated recommendations for psoriatic arthritis Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease. It has both joint and non-joint symptoms and manifestations, which can vary from person to person. It is commonly associated with psoriasis that affects the skin and nails but can also be linked to inflammation of the gut and eyes. PsA has also been linked to cardiovascular, psychological, and metabolic comorbidities—with a real impact on quality of life.
	Epigenetics is of critical importance in autoimmune-related skin diseases, says study The central dogma proposed that genetic information predominantly transfers from DNA to RNA during gene expression to make a functional product protein. This absolute theory has been debunked because of the influence of the environment on how genes are transcribed.
	Patient-derived organoids in human cancer: A platform for fundamental research and precision medicine Organoids, formed as intricate three-dimensional (3D) structures, hold the capacity to originate from a wide array of cellular sources, ranging from embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to somatic stem cells and even cancer cells.
	Bicycle handlebars as a risk of injury In Austria, around 8,000 children and young people are injured in cycling accidents every year and subsequently treated in hospital. Around 600 of the injuries are directly attributable to contact with the handlebars, and around 19 percent of these require hospitalization. It is striking that around half of the injuries caused by the handlebars affect the abdomen.
	Some Indigenous communities in northern Quebec are too short-staffed to perform lifesaving procedures, study finds Indigenous communities in northern Quebec face significant hurdles to health care access. The Nunavik region is remote, with limited transportation options and extreme weather conditions. As a result, its population faces lower life expectancy and poorer health outcomes.

Other Sciences news

	Prestigious journals make it hard for scientists who don't speak English to get published, study finds For the first time in history, a single language dominates global scientific communication. But the actual production of knowledge continues to be a multilingual enterprise.
	Saturday Citations: An anemic galaxy and a black hole with no influence. Also: A really cute bug If you missed some of our top stories this week, we have you covered. From an underachieving black hole to a new species of fluffy beetle, you can see it all here.
	Persian plateau unveiled as crucial hub for early human migration out of Africa A new study combining genetic, paleoecological, and archaeological evidence has unveiled the Persian Plateau as a pivotal geographic location serving as a hub for Homo sapiens during the early stages of their migration out of Africa.
	Best of last week—unintended harm with organic farming, a future AI 'Borg,' junk proteins may cause aging It was an eventful week for biology research, as a trio of environmental researchers in the U.S. found that there can be unintended harm associated with organic farming—the major one being increased pesticide use in surrounding non-organic fields, which can offset some environmental benefits. Also, a team of paleontologists at the University of Zurich discovered a new species of ancient freshwater dolphin in what is now the Amazon. They estimate that some of the creatures grew to 3.5 meters in length. And a team of oceanographers at Oregon State University, working with associates from NOAA, found evidence that hypoxic areas are widespread and increasing in the ocean off the Pacific Northwest coast.
	Research reveals significant effects of onscreen instructors during video classes in aiding student learning Online learning has become "the new normal" of education since COVID-19 severely disrupted face-to-face teaching activities. Researchers from The Hong Kong Polytechnic University (PolyU) have conducted a study to analyze whether and how the instructor's presence in online video lectures affected student learning and learning outcomes.
	Dig site findings suggests ancient artists may have been inspired by preserved dinosaur footprints A team of archaeologists and paleontologists affiliated with several institutions in Brazil has found evidence that ancient artists living in what is now Brazil may have created petroglyphs that were inspired by preserved dinosaur footprints in a shared area. In their project, reported in the journal Scientific Reports, the group studied petroglyphs made between 3,000 and 9,000 years ago.
	We have revealed a unique time capsule of Australia's first coastal people from 50,000 years ago Barrow Island, located 60 kilometers off the Pilbara in Western Australia, was once a hill overlooking an expansive coast. This was the northwestern shelf of the Australian continent, now permanently submerged by the ocean.
	School's out: How climate change is already badly affecting children's education Schools across South Sudan have been ordered to close as a heat wave of 45°C sweeps across the country. In recent years, severe flooding has already caused major disruptions to schooling in South Sudan where, on average, children complete less than five years of formal education across their lives.
	Breakaway parties threaten to disrupt South Korea's two-party system. Can they also end parliamentary gridlock? Contemporary South Korean politics has traditionally been dominated by just two main parties—in common with many other countries with strong presidential systems. But that could soon change.
	Ethnic diversity is still a serious issue at the top level in accounting firms In recent years, there has been a growing concern about the lack of diversity in workplaces, particularly in terms of ethnic and gender diversity. To address this, many companies have taken action by adjusting their recruiting policies and setting targets for achieving minimum diversity levels.
	First study on teacher effectiveness for students with and without disabilities Research has often focused on how teachers and educators can best instruct and accommodate students with disabilities. However, are the methods used to teach students with disabilities effective and inclusive for all students? Michigan State University researchers are some of the first to answer that question.
	Study finds political beliefs shape the way the public interprets history Research shows that when exploring attitudes in the U.S., UK, Italy, South Africa, Mexico, and Poland—countries with different economies, cultures and political regimes (past and present)—right- compared to left-wing supporters evaluated the past more positively.
	Flexible due dates lower student stress without loss of rigor Mark Sarvary, Ph.D. '06, found that when life began returning to a "new normal" after three online semesters during the COVID pandemic, students' expectations regarding assignment flexibility had changed.
	Children with language disorders may fall victim to false friends, study warns Children with language disorders may fall victim to false friends, who may misuse their trust, a study warns.
	Your brain can reveal if you're right wing—plus three other things it tells us about your politics A few years ago, the leader of Mexico's PRI party told the New York Times that he, "would stick to tried and trusted campaign tools, like polls and political intuition," and rely on "the old-fashioned way" to win the country's election.
	Why do identical informal businesses set up side by side? It's a survival tactic: Kenya study The population on the African continent will have nearly doubled by 2050, according to UN projections. About 800 million more young Africans will enter the job market by then. Combine this forecast with the high youth unemployment rate in many African countries today, then the pressing question is: who will create stable jobs at mass scale?
	Parents who believe their children can have a better future are more likely to read and play with them Every day, a small group of women make their way through the community of Sweetwaters, near the South African city of Pietermaritzburg, with bags of toys and books. They work as home mentors supporting families who signed up for an early childhood development intervention. They swap puzzles and stories and provide resourceful activities for children and caregivers. Even the older siblings often sit and join the stories and games.
	Can being too enthusiastic about work have its downsides? How much do you love your job? Some employees show up every day, profoundly passionate about their company's mission. Others are extrinsically motivated and work primarily because they need to financially support their family or enjoy the social status that comes with a prominent job title.
	Sunday sales did not harm nor help liquor, grocery stores Since 2012, Connecticut residents have been able to purchase alcohol on Sundays.
	New study shows treating work like a game drives results A study from West Virginia University engineers demonstrates that people's completion of monotonous assembly tasks improves when doing those tasks involves playing a game.
	Why March Madness is a special time of year for state budgets March Madness—the time when the best men's and women's college basketball teams challenge each other—is a made-for-television spectacle watched by millions. While March Madness has been around for decades, one of the tournament's biggest changes happened in 2018, when the Supreme Court struck down the ban on sports betting.
	Ghana's free high school policy is getting more girls to complete secondary education: Study Education drives economic growth and individual well-being. Secondary education, in particular, plays a crucial role. In recent decades, this recognition has encouraged several African countries to make secondary education free. One example is Ghana's Free Public Senior High School (FreeSHS) policy, initiated in 2017.
	Jon Stewart, still a 'tiny, neurotic man,' back to remind Americans what's at stake It's an uncomfortable truth: Jon Stewart and Donald Trump both tapped the same well of latent public disaffection with politics and the media in the 2000s. Trust in media and government had been declining for several decades. But the symbiotic relationship between the White House and the press during the Iraq War highlighted the dangers of a lap dog press.
	Industrialization is still vital to economic development but some countries are struggling to reap its benefits Alexander Hamilton, one of the founding fathers of the US, wrote a wealth of reports that served as building blocks for the country's economic system. In 1791, during his time as secretary of the Treasury, Hamilton published one of his most important: the Report on the Subject of Manufactures.
	Is it OK to use AI to clone your child's voice to deliver a political message? Since the middle of February, members of Congress have received more than 119,000 calls demanding that they pass stricter gun control laws. But these aren't the typical kind of calls made by constituencies voicing their concerns.
	Home renovations for Europe's low-income families get a boost Upgrading social housing is a central part of EU projects to make city life healthier and happier.
	Enhancing college campus safety: A virtual reality approach to understanding student emergency response Amid the rise in emergencies on college campuses, including fires, accidents, psychological issues, and cyber threats, there's an urgent need to enhance students' emergency response abilities. Existing research has explored various facets of students' emergency response, from their knowledge and attitudes to physiological reactions under simulated conditions.
	Wrappers delight: The Easter egg equation you never knew you needed This Easter season, as you tear open those chocolate eggs, have you ever wondered why they're snugly wrapped in foil? Turns out the answer lies within the easter egg equation.
	Introducing safety and security civilization: A new paradigm for global safety science Safety science literature and terminology reveal a limited array of concepts to describe the comprehensive characteristics of system safety and security, including terms such as safety culture and risk. Despite these efforts, the rapid evolution of safety science outpaces the adequacy of these concepts, signaling a pressing need for new, meaningful general concepts.

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