Science X Newsletter Tue, Jan 2

Dear ,

Here is your customized Science X Newsletter for January 2, 2024:

Spotlight Stories Headlines

New high-speed video system uses sensors, infrared illumination to track insects in large wild areas

New ultra-short period binary discovered

Exploring the link between early life stress and maladaptive behavior across species

Lake fish in New York are losing habitat due to two threats associated with climate change, study shows

Quantum thermal transistors: Harnessing quantum measurement and feedback

Resilience and recovery: Navigating mental health challenges in disaster response

Closing in on the ultimate quest to regenerate insulin in pancreatic stem cells

Researchers reveal molecular mechanism of cytokine storm induced by coronavirus

Novel switch turns genes on/off on cue, a promising step toward safer gene therapy

Researchers identify new coding mechanism that transfers information from perception to memory

First step towards synthetic carbon dioxide fixation in living cells

Best of Last Week—SLIM enters moon orbit, smart devices running AI, neural correlates of mind wandering

Tissue-integrated sensitive glucose nanosenor uses inactive glucose oxidase enzyme for continuous monitoring

Matabele ants recognize infected wounds and treat them with antibiotics

A new deep-learning-based analysis toolkit for spatial transcriptomics

Nanotechnology news

Tissue-integrated sensitive glucose nanosenor uses inactive glucose oxidase enzyme for continuous monitoring Monitoring glucose levels is one of the key elements in health monitoring. A research team from the University of California, Berkeley, has now developed a battery-independent fluorescent nanosensor based on single-wall carbon nanotubes and an inactive form of the enzyme glucose oxidase (GOx).

Physics news

Quantum thermal transistors: Harnessing quantum measurement and feedback Researchers are actively engaged in the dynamic manipulation of quantum systems and materials to realize significant energy management and conservation breakthroughs.

Earth news

	Reducing inequality is essential in tackling climate crisis, researchers argue Promoting climate-friendly behaviors will be more successful in societies where everyone has the capacity: financially, physically, and timewise, to make changes.
	Switching to plant-based diets means cleaner air and could save more than 200,000 lives around the world, says study Adopting a healthier diet will probably feature prominently in many of our New Year's resolutions. But it's often challenging for people to live up to their intentions.
	Study: From NYC to DC and beyond, cities on the East Coast are sinking Major cities on the U.S. Atlantic coast are sinking, in some cases as much as 5 millimeters per year—a decline at the ocean's edge that well outpaces global sea level rise, confirms new research from Virginia Tech and the U.S. Geological Survey.
	Targeted household cleaning can reduce toxic chemicals post-wildfire, research shows After the last embers of a campfire dim, the musky smell of smoke remains. Whiffs of that distinct smokey smell may serve as a pleasant reminder of the evening prior, but in the wake of a wildfire, that smell comes with ongoing health risks.
	2023 set to be UK's second-hottest year: Met Office Last year is set to be the UK's second warmest on record, according to provisional figures released on Tuesday by the country's national meteorological service.
	Powerful earthquakes leave at least 55 dead, destroy buildings along Japan's western coast A series of powerful earthquakes that hit western Japan have left at least 55 people dead and damaged thousands of buildings, vehicles and boats. Officials warned Tuesday that more quakes could lie ahead.

Astronomy and Space news

	New ultra-short period binary discovered Using the Tsinghua University–Ma Huateng Telescopes for Survey (TMTS), an international team of astronomers has discovered a new binary known as TMTS J052610.43+593445.1. The newfound system is an ultrashort-orbital-period binary consisting of a subdwarf star and a white dwarf companion. The finding was reported in a paper published December 21 on the preprint server arXiv.
	Designing the 'perfect' meal to feed long-term space travelers Imagine blasting off on a multiyear voyage to Mars, fueled by a diet of bland, prepackaged meals. As space agencies plan for longer missions, they're grappling with the challenge of how to feed people best. Now, researchers reporting in ACS Food Science & Technology have designed the optimal "space meal": a tasty vegetarian salad. They chose fresh ingredients that meet male astronauts' specialized nutritional needs and can be grown in space.
	Astrophysicists explore links between atmospheric oxygen and detecting extraterrestrial technology on distant planets In the quest to understand the potential for life beyond Earth, researchers are widening their search to encompass not only biological markers, but also technological ones. While astrobiologists have long recognized the importance of oxygen for life as we know it, oxygen could also be a key to unlocking advanced technology on a planetary scale.
	TRAPPIST-1c isn't the exo-Venus we were hoping for, but don't blame the star A recent study posted to the arXiv preprint server and accepted to The Astrophysical Journal uses computer models to investigate why the exoplanet, TRAPPIST-1c, could not possess a thick carbon dioxide (CO2) atmosphere despite it receiving the same amount of solar radiation from its parent star as the planet Venus receives from our sun, with the latter having a very thick carbon dioxide atmosphere.
	How many planets could be in the Kuiper Belt? A recent study published in the Astrophysical Journal Letters investigates the potential existence of Mars-sized free-floating planets (FFPs)—also known as rogue planets, starless planets, and wandering planets—that could have been captured by our sun's gravity long ago and orbit in the outer solar system approximately 1,400 astronomical units (AU) from the sun. For context, the farthest known planetary body in the solar system is Pluto, which orbits approximately 39 AU from the sun, and is also part of the Kuiper Belt, which scientists estimate extends as far out as 1,000 AU from the sun.
	How a small town in Japan fiercely defends its dark skies Light pollution ruins dark skies. It's a scourge that ground-based observatories have to deal with in one form or another. Scientists used a small observatory in Japan to measure what changed when a nearby town improved its lighting practices. They also noted the challenges it still faces.
	The early universe was surprisingly filled with spiral galaxies, research suggests If we could travel far beyond our galaxy, and look back upon the Milky Way, it would be a glorious sight. Luminous spirals stretching from a central core, with dust and nebulae scattered along the spiral edges. When you think about a galaxy, you probably imagine a spiral galaxy like the Milky Way, but spirals make up only about 60% of the galaxies we see. That's because spiral galaxies only form when smaller galaxies collide and merge over time. Or so we thought, as a new study posted to the arXiv preprint server suggests that isn't the case.
	Want to buy a home telescope? Tips from a professional astronomer to help you choose While the unaided eye or binoculars can reveal much of the night sky, a telescope reveals so much more. Seeing Saturn's rings or the moon's craters with your own eyes can be an "oh wow" moment.
	Face to face with sun-eclipsing Proba-3 Through exquisite, millimeter-scale, formation flying, the dual satellites making up ESA's Proba-3 will accomplish what was previously a space mission impossible: Cast a precisely held shadow from one platform to the other, in the process blocking out the fiery sun to observe its ghostly surrounding atmosphere on a prolonged basis.
	NASA tests 3D-printed, rotating detonation rocket engine Looking to the future, NASA is investigating several technologies that will allow it to accomplish some bold objectives. This includes returning to the moon, creating the infrastructure that will let us stay there, sending the first crewed mission to Mars, exploring the outer solar system, and more. This is particularly true of propulsion technologies beyond conventional chemical rockets and engines. One promising technology is the rotating detonation engine (RDE), which relies on one or more detonations that continuously travel around an annular channel.
	ESA's tiny pinhole thruster is ready for production Rocket propulsion technology has progressed leaps and bounds since the first weaponized rockets of the Chinese and Mongolian empires. They were nothing more than rocket-powered arrows and spears but they set the foundations for our exploration of space. Liquid propellant, ion engines and solar sails have all hit the headlines as we strive for more efficient methods of travel but a team has taken the next leap with a palm-sized thruster system that could boost future tiny spacecraft across the gulf of space.
	India to study black holes with first satellite launch after US India launched its first satellite on Monday to study black holes as it seeks to deepen its space exploration efforts ahead of an ambitious crewed mission next year.

Technology news

	Researchers construct amorphous chloride solid electrolytes with high Li-ion conductivity A research team has successfully constructed a glassy Li-ion conduction network and developed amorphous tantalum chloride solid electrolytes (SEs) with high Li-ion conductivity.
	Understanding the security of mobile apps in Africa Researchers from CyLab-Africa and the Upanzi Network recently partnered with the mobile security provider Approov to explore the security of common financial services apps used across Africa. After surveying 224 popular financial applications, the researchers found that 95% of these Android apps exposed secrets that can be used to reveal personal and financial data. Across these applications, approximately 272 million users have the potential to be victims of security flaws.
	Election deepfakes and high-profile bankruptcies: Here's what AI will bring in 2024 If 2023 was the year that AI finally broke into the mainstream, 2024 could be the year it gets fully enmeshed in our lives—or the year the bubble bursts.
	Electromobility: A second life for electric motors An increasing number of electric cars are being sold, consequently raising the quantity of produced electric motors. At the end of their useful life, these electric motors are shredded and then recycled. The individual components and assemblies cannot be reused. So far, there has been a lack of sustainable value retention strategies for remanufacturing and recycling electric motors as part of a modern circular economy.
	Developing a new method for remediation of contaminated wooden structures In Germany, there are about 3 million buildings that are contaminated with the toxic wood preservatives lindane and pentachlorophenol (PCP). Previous measures for minimizing contamination include insulating contaminated areas or disposing of treated wooden building materials as hazardous waste. However, these measures are neither sustainable nor cost-efficient.
	China's Baidu cancels $3.6 bn purchase of livestreaming site Chinese internet giant Baidu has said it was cancelling the planned multi-billion-dollar purchase of livestreaming platform YY Live, partly blaming its inability to get government approval.

Chemistry news

	Deciphering molecular mysteries: New insights into metabolites that control aging and disease In a significant advancement in the field of biochemistry, scientists at the Boyce Thompson Institute (BTI) and Cornell University have uncovered new insights into a family of metabolites, acylspermidines, that could change how we understand aging and fight diseases.
	New mapping method illuminates druggable sites on proteins Identifying new ways to target proteins involved in human diseases is a priority for many researchers around the world. However, discovering how to alter the function of these proteins can be difficult, especially in live cells. Now, scientists from Scripps Research have developed a new method to examine how proteins interact with drug-like small molecules in human cells—revealing critical information about how to potentially target them therapeutically.
	Using electricity, scientists find promising new method of boosting chemical reactions As the world moves away from gas towards electricity as a greener power source, the to-do list goes beyond cars. The vast global manufacturing network that makes everything from our batteries to our fertilizers needs to flip the switch, too.
	New crystalline sponge method proposed for undergraduate courses The crystal sponge technology is a revolutionary technique, which enables the direct and precise determination of the molecular structure of liquid and gas targets. The technique uses a special network complex to selectively absorb liquid or gas target molecules and order them over long distances, thus achieving a breakthrough in determining the precise structure of liquid or even gas molecules by conventional single-crystal X-ray diffraction technology.
	Strategies to engineer metal-organic frameworks for efficient photocatalysis The ever-increasing global energy shortage and the worsening of the environment urgently require the substitution of conventional fossil-based energy for green and sustainable energy.

Biology news

	New high-speed video system uses sensors, infrared illumination to track insects in large wild areas Our ability to learn more about insect behavior—which affects ecology, health, and economy on a global scale—depends largely on suitable recording technology. But until now, these tools have been considerably limited.
	Lake fish in New York are losing habitat due to two threats associated with climate change, study shows A team of biologists and natural resource specialists from Cornell University and Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, both in New York, has found evidence suggesting that lake fish in some of New York's lakes are losing habitat due to dual threats related to climate change.
	Novel switch turns genes on/off on cue, a promising step toward safer gene therapy Just like a doctor adjusts the dose of a medication to the patient's needs, the expression of therapeutic genes, those modified in a person to treat or cure a disease via gene therapy, also needs to be maintained within a therapeutic window. Staying within the therapeutic window is important as too much of the protein could be toxic, and too little could result in a small or no therapeutic effect.
	First step towards synthetic carbon dioxide fixation in living cells Synthetic biology offers the opportunity to build biochemical pathways for the capture and conversion of carbon dioxide (CO2). Researchers at the Max-Planck-Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology have developed a synthetic biochemical cycle that directly converts CO2 into the central building block Acetyl-CoA.
	Matabele ants recognize infected wounds and treat them with antibiotics The African Matabele ants are often injured in fights with termites. Their conspecifics recognize when the wounds become infected and initiate antibiotic treatment.
	A new deep-learning-based analysis toolkit for spatial transcriptomics Biology and medical researchers use spatial transcriptomics (ST) technologies to detect transcription levels in cells, predict cell types and build a tissue's three-dimensional (3D) structure. However, this analysis can be difficult when there are multiple tissue slices that need to be analyzed jointly using state-of-the-art toolkits. It is challenging for researchers to assemble the slices and build the 3D structure manually.
	'Nutritional quality must be at the heart of climate-smart agriculture,' researchers say According to a major research study, farmers in sub-Saharan Africa need to diversify away from growing maize and switch to crops that are resilient to climate change and supply enough key micronutrients for the population.
	Study shows 3D organization of DNA controls cell identity programs In a complex called chromatin, long strands of DNA in cells' nuclei are tightly wrapped around a scaffolding of proteins, like a rolled-up ball of yarn. A new study by Weill Cornell Medicine investigators reveals that beyond providing a convenient way to store DNA in a tight space, the 3D organization of noncoding gene regulators in chromatin contributes to the control of key cell identity programs in early embryonic development.
	Elusive cytonemes guide neural development, provide signaling 'express route' St. Jude Children's Research Hospital scientists found that cytonemes (thin, long, hair-like projections on cells) are important during neural development. Cytonemes connect cells communicating across vast distances but are difficult to capture with microscopy in developing vertebrate tissues.
	Novel approach uses ionic liquids for diverse aptamer applications Aptamers, nucleic acids capable of selectively binding to viruses, proteins, ions, small molecules, and various other targets, are garnering attention in drug development as potential antibody substitutes for their thermal and chemical stability as well as their ability to inhibit specific enzymes or target proteins through three-dimensional binding.
	Evolution might stop humans from solving climate change, researchers say Central features of human evolution may stop our species from resolving global environmental problems like climate change, says a recent study led by the University of Maine.
	How tomato plants use their roots to ration water during drought Plants have to be flexible to survive environmental changes, and the adaptive methods they deploy must often be as changeable as the shifts in climate and condition to which they adapt. To cope with drought, plant roots produce a water-repellent polymer called suberin that blocks water from flowing up towards the leaves, where it would quickly evaporate. Without suberin, the resulting water loss would be like leaving the tap running.
	California singing fish's midbrain may serve as a model for how mammals control vocal expressions For talkative midshipman fish—sometimes called the "California singing fish"—the midbrain plays a robust role in initiating and patterning trains of sounds used in vocal communication.
	Uncovering how tiny plastics threaten our soil and health In a study published online in Eco-Environment & Health, researchers from Zhejiang Shuren University and China Agricultural University have delved into the interaction of tiny plastics and soil, aiming to provide insights into the mechanisms and implications of plastic pollution on soil health and antibiotic resistance.
	Crocs love feral pigs and quolls have a taste for rabbit—but it doesn't solve Australia's invasive species problem Across the vast Australian continent, feral pigs, feral deer and European rabbits roam in their millions. By different names—wild boar, venison, and lapin—these could all be served in a Michelin-star restaurant.
	Won't my cat get bored if I keep it inside? Here's how to ensure it's happy The Australian and American Veterinary Medical Associations recommend keeping cats indoors because they, and wildlife, will be safer.
	Using UV disinfection instead of antibiotics in poultry farming Infectious diseases pose a huge problem in poultry farming. Poultry farmers are often forced to rely on antibiotics to tackle this issue. However, this can sometimes result in germs developing resistance to these drugs. These resistant pathogens then find their way into our food via animal products. The frequent use of antibiotics can therefore pose potential health risks to both animals and humans.
	Targeted pest control with RNA spray Protecting plants efficiently against pests without harming other organisms—this is the objective of the joint research project ViVe_Beet, which is coordinated by the Julius Kühn Institute (JKI). Scientists from the JKI Institute for Plant Protection in Field Crops and Grassland, the Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME and the Institute of Sugar Beet Research (IfZ) are involved in the project.
	New alginate extraction method may help cultivated kelp be as good as wild kelp Norway's exports products derived from from tangle kelp (Laminoria hyperborea) and knotted kelp (Ascophyllum nodosu) to the tune of more than NOK 1 billion a year. The industry mainly extracts alginate from kelp, which is used in over 600 different products as diverse as paint, soft serve ice cream, sauces, bandages, nappies, acid reflux medicine, and material for encapsulating cells and medicine. However, the market is far from saturated.
	Examining the effects of ultrasound-assisted fermentation on Chinese rice wine Traditional Chinese rice wine (RW) has been popular in China for thousands of years. The brewing process involves simultaneous saccharification and solid-state fermentation using mixed saccharifying starters, such as wheat starter and distiller's yeast. However, the brewing medium contains a diverse array of microorganisms, and the quality of starters varies across regions.
	Diversity of bioluminescent beetles in Brazilian savanna has declined sharply in 30 years, finds study At night in the Cerrado, Brazil's savanna and second-largest biome, larvae of the click beetle Pyrearinus termitilluminans, which live in termite mounds, display green lanterns to capture prey attracted by the bright light.
	Researchers propose 'RNAkine' nomenclature for naming extracellular ncRNAs Throughout the history of RNA research, one can immediately notice a significant breakthrough during 2007 and 2008, in which several groups independently reported the discovery of intact noncoding RNA (ncRNA) sequences in extracellular space. Later on, the discovery of these extracellular ncRNAs led to a scope switch of RNA study, from their regulatory roles within the cells to signaling properties in cell-to-cell communications.
	A noxious weed threatens the Connecticut River. Students created a device to join effort to eradicate it The multimillion dollar threat to the lower Connecticut River from the invasive aquatic weed hydrilla has attracted attention from around the country, as scientists work on ways to contain it.
	The mighty coast redwoods are born to change. But can they evolve fast enough to survive climate warming? Coast redwoods—enormous, spectacular trees, some reaching nearly 400 feet, the tallest plants on the planet—thrive mostly in a narrow strip of land in the Pacific Northwest of the United States. Most of them grow from southern Oregon down into Northern California, snugged up against the rugged Pacific coast.

Medicine and Health news

	Exploring the link between early life stress and maladaptive behavior across species Adverse early experiences, such as parental neglect, abuse, the death of a loved one, or other traumatic events, are known to influence how humans will behave as adults. For instance, studies have found that victims of childhood abuse are at a higher risk of developing mood or conduct disorders characterized by altered social behaviors, such as aggressive, withdrawn or mistrustful tendencies.
	Resilience and recovery: Navigating mental health challenges in disaster response Mental health is a crucial aspect of disaster response and emergency management, as individuals and communities can experience significant psychological distress and trauma during and after such events. Hazards, whether natural (such as hurricanes, earthquakes, or floods) or man-made (such as industrial accidents or mass shootings), can have profound effects on the mental well-being of those affected.
	Closing in on the ultimate quest to regenerate insulin in pancreatic stem cells Researchers are zeroing in on the ultimate quest to regenerate insulin in pancreatic stem cells and replace the need for regular insulin injections.
	Researchers reveal molecular mechanism of cytokine storm induced by coronavirus In the past four years, the pathogen responsible for Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), SARS-CoV-2, has infected more than 770 million people and caused more than 6.9 million deaths worldwide. The severe impact of SARS-CoV-2 is often attributed to its ability to suppress the interferon (IFN) response while simultaneously inducing the production of various cytokines.
	Researchers identify new coding mechanism that transfers information from perception to memory Our memories are rich in detail: we can vividly recall the color of our home, the layout of our kitchen, or the front of our favorite café. How the brain encodes this information has long puzzled neuroscientists.
	Growth hormone found to influence regulation of anxiety via a specific group of neurons Growth hormone (GH) acts on many tissues throughout the body, helping build bones and muscles, among other functions. It is also a powerful anxiolytic. A study conducted by researchers at the University of São Paulo (USP) in Brazil has produced a deeper understanding of the role of GH in mitigating anxiety and, for the first time, identified the population of neurons responsible for modulating the influence of GH on the development of neuropsychiatric disorders involving anxiety, depression, and post-traumatic stress.
	Perceived time has an actual effect on physical healing, study finds Perceived time has a significant impact on the actual time it takes to heal physical wounds, according to new research by Harvard psychologists Peter Aungle and Ellen Langer.
	Demystifying a key receptor in substance use and neuropsychiatric disorders Researchers at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai have uncovered insights into the potential mechanism of action of the antipsychotic medication asenapine, a possible therapeutic target for substance use and neuropsychiatric disorders. This discovery may pave the way for the development of improved medications targeting the same pathway.
	New AI tool brings precision pathology for cancer and beyond into quicker, sharper focus A new artificial intelligence tool that interprets medical images with unprecedented clarity does so in a way that could allow time-strapped clinicians to dedicate their attention to critical aspects of disease diagnosis and image interpretation.
	Large clinical study on extremely preterm infants provides important knowledge about milk-based enrichment options Infants born extremely prematurely need to get enrichment as an addition to breast milk. But does it make any difference whether the enrichment is made from breast milk or cow's milk when it comes to the risk of severe complications in children? This has been investigated by a large clinical study led from Linköping, Sweden.
	Analyzing how cancer mutations interact may improve targeted therapies Cancer arises when multiple mutations result in relentless, inappropriate cell growth. But these mutations don't act in isolation. Instead, mutations can influence each other in ways that affect cancer evolution. Researchers have long struggled to get a handle on these interactions, often by making assumptions that oversimplify the complex reality.
	Calcium channel blockers key to reversing myotonic dystrophy muscle weakness, study finds New research has identified the specific biological mechanism behind the muscle dysfunction found in myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) and further shows that calcium channel blockers can reverse these symptoms in animal models of the disease. The researchers believe this class of drugs, widely used to treat a number of cardiovascular diseases, hold promise as a future treatment for DM1.
	High adolescent BMI increases the risk of early chronic kidney disease, large cohort study finds Adolescent obesity significantly increases the risk of developing early chronic kidney disease (CKD) in young adulthood, according to a large cohort study led by Hebrew University of Jerusalem (HU) and Sheba Tel HaShomer Medical Center researchers.
	Resistance (exercise) is far from futile: The unheralded benefits of weight training Everyone can agree that exercise is healthy. Among its many benefits, exercise improves heart and brain function, aids in controlling weight, slows the effects of aging and helps lower the risks of several chronic diseases.
	Trying to be more mindful in 2024? Try these tips for being mindful with your partner and kids With the new year comes New Year's resolutions. Many of us might be making those familiar promises to be healthier, go on that trip we've always wanted to take or learn a new language. But if you're among the many wanting to be more mindful in 2024, you're certainly not alone.
	Why some amateur athletes are giving up on smartwatches Measuring the number of steps you take every day; tracking your heart rate, your pace or average ascent while jogging; memorizing the total distance you cycle over the course of a year and sharing it with an online community. These practices have become commonplace in the world of sports, even for amateurs.
	Think you're good at multitasking? Here's how your brain compensates—and how this changes with age We're all time-poor, so multitasking is seen as a necessity of modern living. We answer work emails while watching TV, make shopping lists in meetings and listen to podcasts when doing the dishes. We attempt to split our attention countless times a day when juggling both mundane and important tasks.
	'Veganuary' cuts fat and cholesterol but also reduces vitamins and minerals: Study Meat-eaters who take part in "Veganuary" could cut their saturated fat and cholesterol intake but may also miss out on vital micronutrients, according to a new study.
	Staying up to date with adult vaccinations for the new year Personal health is often among the top New Year's resolutions each January. Beyond diet and exercise, Dr. John Presutti, a Mayo Clinic family medicine physician, says the start of a new year is a good calendar reminder to update adult vaccinations.
	Inflammatory bowel disease varies by race, sex and birthplace, researchers find Researchers from Rutgers and other institutions have uncovered significant variations in how inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) affects people of different races, sexes and places of birth.
	Healthy omega-3 fats may slow deadly pulmonary fibrosis, research suggests Could healthy fats found in nuts and fish slow the progression of potentially deadly lung scarring known as pulmonary fibrosis and delay the need for lung transplants?
	Defibrillators are now mandatory at some gyms and stadiums. So why aren't more people using them? Because athletes young and old can suffer cardiac arrest, some states have mandated the placement of automated external defibrillators (AEDs) in gyms, stadiums and other sports venues. But a new study finds the use of AEDs by bystanders for cardiac arrest at athletic sites didn't improve much after states enacted these laws.
	More Americans will only have to pay $35 a month for insulin in 2024 Managing diabetes will be a less expensive proposition for more Americans in 2024.
	Living with a depressed loved one can take mental, financial toll Reduced income, unemployment and mental health issues are more common among people who live with a loved one diagnosed with depression, new research shows.
	'Substantial demand' for abortion pills ordered in advance, study finds A U.S. online provider of the mifepristone/misoprostol abortion pill combo saw a ten-fold jump in orders when the Dobbs decision overturning Roe v. Wade was first leaked in 2022, a new study finds.
	Study: Signal intensity ratio of cochlear basal turn increased in affected ear in Meniere disease The affected ear in Meniere disease has significantly increased the signal intensity ratio (SIR) of the cochlear basal turn, indicating potential damage of the blood-labyrinth barrier, according to a study published online Dec. 6 in the European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology.
	Improvement needed in managing UTI in patients with neurogenic bladder, says study Expansion of caregiver involvement, enhancement of patient-provider communication, and targeting providers and care settings that lack familiarity with neurogenic bladder (NB) could improve urinary tract infection (UTI) management in this population, according to a study published online Nov. 1 in PLOS ONE.
	Use of cryopreserved oocytes increases with poor ovarian response, finds study Patients with a poor ovarian response (POR) are more likely to return to use previously vitrified oocytes, according to a study published online Jan. 2 in JAMA Network Open.
	Overactive bladder not tied to sleep disturbance, fatigue or depression Overall, patients with overactive bladder (OAB) do not have worse sleep disturbance, fatigue, or depression scores than the general population, according to a study published online Dec. 18 in Neurourology and Urodynamics.
	Kidney transplant program sets a world record for most 'paired donations' in a year When Rich Green learned that he needed a new kidney last fall, several of his friends and family members stepped forward as potential donors. But none were an exact match.
	Deep flaws in FDA oversight of medical devices, and patient harm, exposed in lawsuits and records Living with diabetes, Carlton "PeeWee" Gautney Jr. relied on a digital device about the size of a deck of playing cards to pump insulin into his bloodstream.
	Study indicates a potential treatment for corneal endothelial disease, reducing the need for corneal transplants Findings from a study in The American Journal of Pathology reveal that administration of the neuropeptide α-melanocyte–stimulating hormone (α-MSH) promotes corneal healing and restores normal eye function to an otherwise degenerating and diseased cornea by providing protection against cell death and promoting cell regeneration.
	Ga-68 FAPI PET found to improve detection and staging of pancreatic cancer PET imaging with 68Ga-FAPI can more effectively detect and stage pancreatic cancer as compared with 18F-FDG imaging or contrast-enhanced CT, according to recent research published in the December 2023 issue of The Journal of Nuclear Medicine.
	RSV vaccines would greatly reduce illness if implemented like flu shots, research suggests Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccines recently approved for people 60 and older would dramatically reduce the disease's significant burden of illness and death in the United States if they were widely adopted like annual influenza vaccines, a recent study has found.
	Defibrillators are now mandatory at some gyms and stadiums. So why aren't more people using them? Because athletes young and old can suffer cardiac arrest, some states have mandated the placement of automated external defibrillators (AEDs) in gyms, stadiums and other sports venues. But a new study finds the use of AEDs by bystanders for cardiac arrest at athletic sites didn't improve much after states enacted these laws.
	What the pandemic is teaching us about the immune system Four years after the first cases of an unusual pneumonia appeared in Wuhan in December 2019, nearly 7 million people have lost their lives to COVID-19, and some 65 million more continue to struggle with the infection's mystifying aftermath—a poorly understood syndrome known as long COVID.
	Study: Age-related alterations in the oscillatory dynamics serving verbal working memory processing A new research paper was published on the cover of Aging, titled "Age-related alterations in the oscillatory dynamics serving verbal working memory processing."
	Diabetes and weight-loss drugs—Ozempic and Wegovy—not associated with increased suicidal thoughts, finds study A new study by researchers at the Case Western Reserve School of Medicine reveals that a chemical used in the diabetes drug Ozempic and the weight-management drug Wegovy is not associated with an increased risk for suicidal thoughts.
	Q&A: Memory, brain function, and behavior—exploring the intricate connection through fear memories In a world grappling with the complexities of mental health conditions like anxiety, depression, and PTSD, new research from Boston University neuroscientist Dr. Steve Ramirez and collaborators offers a unique perspective.
	Two-step screening strategy could reduce diabetic heart failure A two-step screening protocol that combines clinical risk assessment with biomarker testing can more effectively identify which patients with type 2 diabetes need medication to prevent heart failure, according to a study led by UT Southwestern Medical Center researchers.
	Combine mindfulness with exercise for mental health boost in 2024: Study For people looking to start 2024 with a new routine to feel fitter and happier, a new study from the University of Bath suggests that combining mindfulness with exercise could be your key to success.
	Dry January strategies and benefits you might not have considered Taking a break from drinking alcohol even for just one month can lead to surprising and significant improvements in both physical and mental health, according to Jennifer Steiner, an assistant professor at Florida State University.
	America's doctors offer 10 health resolutions as you start a new year Still weighing whether to make a New Year's resolution? Or perhaps regretting letting your healthy habits slide during the holidays?
	Why do people get sick with viruses in the winter? Respiratory viruses like COVID-19 and influenza surge in the colder months. And it's not just because people are spending more time indoors. Dr. Matthew Binnicker, director of the Clinical Microbiology Molecular Lab and co-director of the Clinical Virology Lab at Mayo Clinic, explains what other factors promote virus spread in the winter.
	Anxiety attacks: Symptoms and calming techniques Anxiety attacks can seem overwhelming when you're in the middle of one, but with the right coping tools you can come out the other side.
	Just add milk: Choosing beverages wisely during chlorhexidine treatment Antiseptic mouth rinses containing the active ingredient chlorhexidine (CHX) are widely used in dentistry. For many decades, CHX has set the gold standard for the management of oral diseases. During the treatment, however, tooth discoloration may occur after eating or drinking.

Other Sciences news

	Best of Last Week—SLIM enters moon orbit, smart devices running AI, neural correlates of mind wandering The last week of 2023 was a good one for space research as officials at Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, announced that its "Smart Lander for Investigating Moon" (SLIM) moon lander, had entered the moon's orbit—the craft is scheduled to land on the moon January 20. Also, a large international team of astronomers and astrophysicists announced that they had found evidence showing that the Small Magellanic Cloud is not a single galaxy—it is actually two, one behind the other. And a pair of astronomers, one with Luleå University of Technology's Asteroid Engineering Laboratory, in Finland, the other with the Southwest Research Institute, in the U.S., found via computer simulation, that some large asteroids that come close to Earth can be torn apart by its gravity.
	New research shows the Cerne Abbas Giant was a muster station for King Alfred's armies New research from the University of Oxford concludes that the Cerne Abbas Giant was originally carved as an image of Hercules to mark a muster station for West Saxon armies. The figure was later reinterpreted by the monks of Cerne Abbas as their local Saint Eadwold.
	Do strict dress codes and uniforms do more harm than good? How do you feel when you wear a uniform?
	Balancing the potentials and pitfalls of AI in college admissions There is not a typical day in an admissions office according to Ryan Motevalli-Oliner ME '20, associate dean for enrollment operations at Kenyon College in Gambier, Ohio. As a small private school, Kenyon receives approximately 8,500 applications a year with a 29% acceptance rate in 2023. Motevalli-Oliner's department processes and imports college applications for review.
	Exploring the details of a German mummy collection Researchers at Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Germany have carried out the first comprehensive analysis of some 20 mummy fragments from collections in the University's archives and have presented their findings in Annals of the History and Philosophy of Biology.
	Influencers' vulnerabilities found to be a double-edged sword The old adage states, "If you can't stand the heat, get out of the kitchen." But what if work in a kitchen pays the bills?
	Women's and girls' sports: More popular than you may think The number of Americans who watch or follow girls' and women's sports goes well beyond those who view TV coverage of women's athletic events, a new study suggests.
	Aunts, aunties and 'tías' offer protection to their LGBTQ youth relatives Researchers have found that aunts play a crucial role in supporting the well-being of their LGBTQ youth relatives, including preventing them from experiencing homelessness.

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