Science X Newsletter Mon, Jan 1

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Here is your customized Science X Newsletter for January 1, 2024:

Spotlight Stories Headlines

First pulsar detected in globular cluster GLIMPSE-C01

HKDC1 protein found crucial to maintaining two mitochondria subcellular structures, mitochondria and lysosomes

Sodium's high-pressure transformation can tell us about the interiors of stars, planets

Chemical synthesis using titanium dioxide: An eco-friendly and innovative approach

Earth news

New study examines perspectives from South Florida practitioners A study led by researchers at the University of Miami Rosenstiel School of Marine, Atmospheric, and Earth Science, assessed the perspectives of 76 diverse South Florida climate adaptation professionals. The study titled, "Practitioner perspectives on climate mobilities in South Florida" was published in the December issue of the journal Oxford Open Climate Change, and explores the expectations and concerns of practitioners from the private sector, community-based organizations, and government agencies about the region's ability to adapt in the face of increasing sea level rise and diverse consequences for where people live and move, also known as climate mobility.

Surf's up: Big waves pound US West Coast Huge surf was battering the US West Coast on Friday, with forecasters warning of more danger ahead after a rogue wave swept pedestrians off their feet and swamped a hotel.

Astronomy and Space news

First pulsar detected in globular cluster GLIMPSE-C01 Using the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA), astronomers have discovered a millisecond pulsar in the globular cluster GLIMPSE-C01 as part of the VLA Low-band Ionosphere and Transient Experiment (VLITE). This is the first pulsar ever detected in this cluster. The finding was reported in a paper published December 18 on the pre-print server arXiv.

Want to get into stargazing? A professional astronomer explains where to start There are few things more peaceful and relaxing than a night under the stars. Through the holidays, many people head away from the bright city lights to go camping. They revel in the dark skies, spangled with myriad stars.

Technology news

	Boeing asks airlines to inspect 737 Max jets for potential loose bolt Boeing is asking airlines to inspect its 737 Max jets for a potential loose bolt in the rudder control system, the airplane maker and Federal Aviation Administration confirmed this week.
	Illinois may be up to bat next to build first Great Lakes wind farm after Cleveland drops project Before millions of Americans installed solar roofs, before towering wind turbines became a common sight in Midwestern skies, before electric car giant Tesla rolled out its first sedan, there was Icebreaker.

Chemistry news

	Sodium's high-pressure transformation can tell us about the interiors of stars, planets Travel deep enough below Earth's surface or inside the center of the sun, and matter changes on an atomic level.
	Chemical synthesis using titanium dioxide: An eco-friendly and innovative approach Heterocyclic compounds are organic molecules with a ring structure comprising at least two or more elements. In most cases, these rings are composed of carbon atoms along with one or more other elements such as nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur. They are highly sought after as raw materials in the chemical and pharmaceutical industry, owing to their versatility and excellent physiological activities.
	Selective conversion of CO₂ into dimethyl ether over hydrophobic and gallium-modified copper catalysts The selective conversion of CO2 and H2 into valuable chemicals and fuels is a promising route for carbon recycling. Multiple routes have been developed for the CO2 hydrogenation to methanol, higher alcohols, dimethyl ether (DME), aromatics, hydrocarbon, and olefins. Among these products, DME is attractive because it is nontoxic and noncorrosive and has been used as a platform chemical in industry, a carrier for hydrogen, and an additive for fuels.

Biology news

	HKDC1 protein found crucial to maintaining two mitochondria subcellular structures, mitochondria and lysosomes Just as healthy organs are vital to our well-being, healthy organelles are vital to the proper functioning of the cell. These subcellular structures carry out specific jobs within the cell; for example, mitochondria power the cell, and lysosomes keep the cell tidy.
	The zaï technique: How farmers in the Sahel grow crops with little to no water Hubert Reeves once wrote that "on the cosmic scale, liquid water is rarer than gold". And what is true for the universe is even truer in the Sahel, the name given to the vast, arid belt that skirts the Sahara and stretches across Africa from east to west.
	'Foul and loathsome' or jewels of the natural world? The complicated history of human-frog relations When was the last time you saw a frog? Perhaps you came across one in your garden and wondered at its little hands, glossy skin, and what looked very much like a contented smile.

Medicine and Health news

	Private equity acquisition of hospitals may increase adverse events Hospital-acquired adverse events are increased in association with private equity acquisition of hospitals, according to a study published in the Dec. 26 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association.
	Healthy twins born to woman who was pregnant in each of her two uteruses When Kelsey Hatcher's twins share their birth story someday, their tale will truly be one in a million.
	Immediate skin-to-skin contact beneficial in very preterm birth setting Immediate parent skin-to-skin contact (SSC) after very preterm birth is beneficial for the mother-infant relationship, according to a study published online Nov. 30 in JAMA Network Open.
	Many young people at risk for psychosis are torn about using marijuana Even after they've experienced episodes of psychosis, many young people who use marijuana are unsure they want to quit the drug, new research shows.
	Disorders, diseases associated with childlessness identified Mental-behavioral disorders, congenital anomalies, and endocrine-nutritional-metabolic disorders are most strongly associated with childlessness, according to a study published online Dec. 18 in Nature Human Behaviour.
	How to jump-start your new year with cold weather running As 2024 approaches, many people look to begin the year with resolutions to become more fit. Some people find it challenging to get enthusiastic about outdoor exercise during the winter. However, don't discount the joys of running in a winter wonderland. It's accessible, available to all and doesn't involve gym fees or expensive equipment.
	Cardio or weights first? A kinesiologist explains how to optimize the order of your exercise routine When you enter the gym, which way should you head first? Toward the treadmills and spin studio to get your sweat on with a cardio session? Or toward the free weights and strength-training machines to do some resistance training?
	How AI could dramatically improve cancer patients' prognosis With 1.2 million deaths in the 2020, or 23% of the total number of deaths, cancer is the second biggest killer in the European Union. The figure is all the more tragic given 40% of these cancers could be prevented through early detection and lifestyle change such as not smoking or regular exercise.
	Don't let allergies get out of hand during pregnancy Pregnancy should be a special time, but allergies can make you miserable.
	Vosoritide beneficial for children younger than 5 years with achondroplasia For children with achondroplasia, vosoritide is associated with a gain in the change in height Z score from baseline and a mild adverse event profile, according to a study published in the January issue of The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health.
	Dapagliflozin cuts cardiovascular events in patients with heart failure, T2D For patients with heart failure and type 2 diabetes (T2D), dapagliflozin does not reduce urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) but does reduce some cardiovascular events, according to a study published online Nov. 27 in eClinicalMedicine.
	Beans beneficial for patients with history of colorectal neoplasia Adding a cup of beans to the usual diet enhances the gut microbiome and regulates host markers associated with metabolic obesity and colorectal cancer, according to a study published in the December issue of eBioMedicine.
	The year in opioid settlements: 5 things you need to know This year, about $1.5 billion has landed in state and local government coffers from court settlements made with more than a dozen companies that manufactured, sold, or distributed prescription painkillers and were sued for their role in fueling the opioid crisis.
	Raspberry Pi-based system accurate for detecting facial palsy A Raspberry Pi device with a digital camera and a deep learning algorithm can detect facial palsy (FP) with high accuracy, according to a study recently published in BioMedInformatics.
	Understanding the downstream procedures and complications associated with lung cancer screening A study of more than 9,000 persons screened for lung cancer found that rates of downstream procedures and complications associated with screening are substantially higher in routine clinical practice than previously observed in the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST). The study is published in Annals of Internal Medicine.
	New protein risk score shows strong clinical utility for predicting death from heart failure A new protein risk score developed to predict the risk of death for persons with heart failure (HF) has demonstrated good calibration and may help clinicians better stratify mortality risk in these patients. The score is published in Annals of Internal Medicine.
	Food insecurity among low-income adults dropped nearly 5% during pandemic-era SNAP expansion Benefits expansions during the COVID-19 pandemic may have helped to mitigate food insecurity among low-income adults. A survey of low-income adults showed that food insecurity dropped nearly 5% in 2021 compared to 2019. The findings are published in Annals of Internal Medicine.
	Case raises concern that sotatercept may be associated with serious and recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding Physicians should be aware of a potential serious adverse effect associated with sotatercept use. A case report detailing serious and recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding is published in Annals of Internal Medicine.
	Review provides potential framework for addressing disrespect in maternal care A systemic review evaluating 37 studies relating to respectful maternal care (RMC) found that current research addressing this topic lacks a "gold standard" method for measuring respectful maternity carel. The authors also found that only one study addressed clinical outcomes for birthing patients and no studies addressed the relationship between RMC and infant health. The review is published in Annals of Internal Medicine.
	A Parkinson's diagnosis can come with some hope, experts say Patients with Parkinson's disease call it "D-Day," the date they were told they had the incurable movement disorder.
	Even a little less carb intake can help folks with type 1 diabetes It may not take as strict a diet as thought to keep type 1 diabetes under control: New Swedish research shows that a moderate low-carb diet still helped people with type 1 diabetes stick to blood-sugar targets.
	Post-trauma support can prevent repeat hospitalizations When hospitals support trauma survivors' mental health during and after treatment, patients are less likely to return in crisis, researchers report.
	Thyrotoxicosis linked to risk for incident cognitive disorder For older adults, exposure to a low thyrotropin (TSH) level from either endogenous or exogenous thyrotoxicosis is associated with an increased risk for incident cognitive disorder, according to a study recently published in JAMA Internal Medicine.
	Receipt of novel hormonal therapy for advanced prostate cancer varies with race For Medicare beneficiaries with advanced prostate cancer (PCa), receipt of novel hormonal therapy (NHT) agents varies with race, according to a study published online Dec. 1 in JAMA Network Open.
	Updated guidelines released for management of atopic dermatitis In updated guidelines issued by the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology/American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology, and published online Dec. 17 in the Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology, recommendations are presented for gaining and maintaining control of atopic dermatitis (AD).
	Mortality, morbidity increased with heart failure hospitalization in adults with congenital heart disease For adults with congenital heart disease (ACHD), those with heart failure (HF) hospitalizations have an increased risk for mortality and morbidity, according to a study published in the Dec. 5 issue of the Journal of the American Heart Association.
	Women with osteoporosis want to know their fracture risk Most women with osteoporosis want to know their fracture risk, but only half have received this information from health care providers, according to a study published online Nov. 13 in Osteoporosis International.
	What COVID diaries have in common with Samuel Pepys' 17th-century plague diaries People keep diaries for all sorts of reasons—to record events, work through difficult situations, or manage stress and trauma. The ongoing COVID inquiry shows diaries also have important political and historic significance. The UK's former chief scientific adviser Patrick Vallance's diaries have been a key source of evidence, exposing the chaos within government at the time.
	Want to quit smoking in 2024? Cytisine can help … if you live in the right country A new study published in Addiction has found that cytisine, a low-cost, generic stop-smoking aid that has been used in Eastern Europe since the 1960s, increases the chances of successful smoking cessation by more than two-fold compared with placebo and may be more effective than nicotine replacement therapy. It has a benign safety profile, with no evidence of serious safety concerns.
	Placental group B strep tied to neonatal unit admission in infants born at term Detection of Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B Streptococcus; GBS) in the placenta is associated with an increased risk for neonatal unit (NNU) admission, according to a study published online Nov. 29 in Nature Microbiology.
	Young men lack awareness of supplements' impact on fertility There is a significant lack of awareness about the effects of gym lifestyles on male infertility in young adults, according to a study published in the January issue of Reproductive BioMedicine Online.
	Biological agent trials for psoriasis rarely include patient images Few randomized controlled trials involving biological agents for psoriasis treatment include patient images, according to a review published online on Nov. 15 in the Journal of Dermatological Treatment.
	High levels of HDL cholesterol tied to higher dementia risk Elevated levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) are associated with an increased risk for all-cause dementia, according to a study published online Nov. 29 in The Lancet Regional Health: Western Pacific.
	Fasting before cardiac catheterization may be unnecessary The days of prolonged fasting prior to cardiac catheterization may be numbered, as the body of evidence grows to allow patients to eat before the procedure.
	Many US children have inadequate, inconsistent health insurance coverage: Study Publicly insured children have higher rates of inconsistent coverage but lower rates of inadequate coverage compared with commercially insured children, according to a study published online Nov. 22 in JAMA Health Forum.
	Many dead patients still listed as alive in electronic health records, researchers say Nearly one in five deceased patients are marked alive in electronic health records (EHRs) and 80 percent received primary care outreach after their death, according to a research letter published online Dec. 4 in JAMA Internal Medicine.
	At the stroke of midnight, the New Year gives a clean slate for long-elusive resolutions It's an annual end-of-year exercise in futility for many. But a clean slate awaits at the stroke of midnight for the next round of resolutions.
	Patients facing death are opting for a lifesaving heart device—but at what risk? Too old and too sick for a heart transplant, Arvid Herrman was given a choice: have a mechanical pump implanted in his heart, potentially keeping him alive for several years, or do nothing and almost certainly die within a year.
	Mental health symptoms common in Black individuals during pregnancy Black individuals experience high levels of comorbid mental health distress during pregnancy, according to a study published in the December issue of The Nurse Practitioner.
	Researcher warns about 'lookism' and toxic resolutions in a social media–fueled body-critical era Last year the top three New Year's resolutions people intended to make in 2023, were about getting a better body, namely doing more exercise, losing weight and improving diet, according to a You Gov Poll. This was the fourth year in a row that resolutions to improve body image were in the top three.

Other Sciences news

	The curious joy of being wrong—intellectual humility means being open to new information and willing to change your mind Mark Twain apocryphally said, "I'm in favor of progress; it's change I don't like." This quote pithily underscores the human tendency to desire growth while also harboring strong resistance to the hard work that comes with it. I can certainly resonate with this sentiment.
	Why some people don't trust science—and how to change their minds During the pandemic, a third of people in the UK reported that their trust in science had increased, we recently discovered. But 7% said that it had decreased. Why is there such variety of responses?

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