Science X Newsletter Fri, Dec 22

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Here is your customized Science X Newsletter for December 22, 2023:

Spotlight Stories Headlines

Swift 4-D printing with shape-memory polymers

A strategy to reduce the rapid capacity deterioration of Ni-rich cathodes

A sweater made from new aerogel fiber tests warmer than one made from down

Mapping magma chambers under the Hunga volcano before and after the 2022 eruption

Scientists develop 'flying dragon' robot to fight fires from a distance

Reindeer sleep while chewing their cud, a strategy that may help them in the summer

Light color is less important for the internal clock than originally thought, study finds

Engineers develop a vibrating, ingestible capsule that might help treat obesity

Predicting Alzheimer's dementia in oldest of the old

Case study of cryptocurrency suggests many do not trust its transparency and privacy

Multi-ancestry study uncovers shared genetics of problematic drinking

Research team develops polymers that can kill bacteria

Researchers study a million galaxies to find out how the universe began

Breakthrough technology amplifies terahertz waves for 6G communication

Controlling thermoelectric conversion in magnetic materials by magnetization direction

Nanotechnology news

Unimolecular self-assembled hemicyanine-oleic acid conjugate acts to eliminate cancer stem cells: Study Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a rare population of cells in tumor tissues that drive tumorigenesis, recurrence, and metastasis. Therefore, the development of anti-tumor therapies that can eliminate CSCs has significant implications for cancer treatment. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a therapeutic modality that uses a specific laser wavelength to activate photosensitizers, generating large amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to selectively inhibit tumor growth.

Physics news

Controlling thermoelectric conversion in magnetic materials by magnetization direction The National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) has succeeded in directly observing the "anisotropic magneto-Thomson effect," a phenomenon in which the heat absorption/release proportional to an applied temperature difference and charge current (i.e., Thomson effect) changes anisotropically depending on the magnetization direction in magnetic materials.

High-sensitivity visualization of ultrafast carrier diffusion by wide-field holographic microscopy Femtosecond transient microscopy is an important tool to study ultrafast transport properties of excited states in solid-state samples. Most implementations are limited to photoexciting a single diffraction-limited spot at the sample and tracking the temporal evolution of the ensuing carrier distribution, hence covering a very small sample area.

Earth news

	Mapping magma chambers under the Hunga volcano before and after the 2022 eruption A small team of geologists, volcanologists and Earth scientists from the Carnegie Institution for Science, Earth and Planets Laboratory, in the U.S., the GNS Science, Wairakei Research Center, in New Zealand, Auckland University of Technology, in New Zealand, the University of Auckland, in New Zealand and the Ministry of Lands and Natural Resources, in Tonga, has partially mapped the magmatic system state under the Hunga volcano from both before and after its 2022 eruption.
	China air pollution worsens in 2023, first time in decade China's air pollution worsened in 2023, the first time it has done so in a decade, a study released on Friday said.
	Greenhouse vegetable production emits high levels of nitrous oxide, study finds A new study has found that greenhouse vegetable production (GVP) systems are major sources of nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions, a potent greenhouse gas.
	Study finds that ecological evidence used by government policy-makers is unstable over time A large study, led by academics from Royal Holloway, University of London, found research used by policy-makers regarding conservation and environmental management is unstable over time and can quickly become out of date: presenting a serious potential threat to evidence-based decision-making.
	'Doom for forests': fears over new Cambodia land grants Eam Orn kneels in a forest in northwest Cambodia, pressing his hands together before an offering of bananas studded with smoking incense, and prays for the return of his land.
	China earthquake death toll rises to 148 The toll from China's deadliest earthquake in years rose to 148 on Friday, state media reported, as authorities turned their attention to resettling thousands of people displaced by the disaster.
	Residents of Iceland village near volcano that erupted are allowed to return home Residents of the small Icelandic fishing village near where a volcano erupted were told Friday they could return home.

Astronomy and Space news

	Researchers study a million galaxies to find out how the universe began A team of researchers has analyzed more than 1 million galaxies to explore the origin of the present-day cosmic structures, as reported in a recent study published in Physical Review D as an Editors' Suggestion.
	What happens if you put a black hole into the sun? In a hypothetical scenario, small, primordial black holes could be captured by newly forming stars. An international team, led by researchers at the Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, has now modeled the evolution of these so-called "Hawking stars" and found that they can have surprisingly long lifetimes, resembling normal stars in many aspects. The work is published in The Astrophysical Journal.
	Researchers use VLT exoplanet hunter to study Jupiter's winds For the first time, an instrument to find planets light years away was used on an object in the solar system, in a study on Jupiter's winds.
	Hubble sights a galaxy with 'forbidden' light This whirling image features a bright spiral galaxy known as MCG-01-24-014, which is located about 275 million light-years from Earth. In addition to being a well-defined spiral galaxy, MCG-01-24-014 has an extremely energetic core known as an active galactic nucleus (AGN) and is categorized as a Type-2 Seyfert galaxy.

Technology news

	A strategy to reduce the rapid capacity deterioration of Ni-rich cathodes Over the past decades, engineers and materials scientists have been working hard to develop battery technologies that exhibit increasingly better performances. Their efforts are aimed at supporting the needs of the electronics industry, increasing the battery life of countless rechargeable devices, electric vehicles, and robotic systems.
	Scientists develop 'flying dragon' robot to fight fires from a distance Imagine a flying dragon that doesn't spout fire, but instead extinguishes it with blasts of water. Thanks to a team of Japanese researchers, this new kind of beast may soon be recruited to firefighter teams around the world, to help put out fires that are too dangerous for their human teammates to approach.
	Case study of cryptocurrency suggests many do not trust its transparency and privacy A trio of economists and financial analysts, two from Yale University and the other the University of Chicago, has conducted a case study of a nationwide cryptocurrency experiment to better understand why such a monetary system might or might not work as intended. In their paper published in the journal Science, Fernando Alvarez, David Argente and Diana Van Patten, describe their analyses of an attempt by the government in El Salvador to make cryptocurrency a popular choice for the people of that country and what they found by doing so.
	Breakthrough technology amplifies terahertz waves for 6G communication A team of researchers, led by Professor Hyong-Ryeol Park from the Department of Physics at UNIST has introduced a technology capable of amplifying terahertz (THz) electromagnetic waves by over 30,000 times. This breakthrough, combined with artificial intelligence (AI) based on physical models, is set to revolutionize the commercialization of 6G communication frequencies.
	New material allows for better hydrogen-based batteries and fuel cells Researchers led by Genki Kobayashi at the RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research in Japan have developed a solid electrolyte for transporting hydride ions (H−) at room temperature.
	Chatty robot helps seniors fight loneliness through AI companionship Joyce Loaiza lives alone, but when she returns to her apartment at a Florida senior community, the retired office worker often has a chat with a friendly female voice that asks about her day.
	China's BYD to build its first European electric vehicle factory in Hungary One of the world's largest electrical vehicle manufacturers, China's BYD, will open its first European EV production factory in Hungary, the country's foreign minister said Friday, the latest step in the Central European nation's efforts to become a global hub for EV manufacturing.
	Britain likely to generate more electricity from wind, solar and hydro than fossil fuels for the first year ever in 2023 There are many milestones to pass in the transition from a high to low-carbon sustainable energy system. There is the first hour without coal, or oil, or gas generation (or all of them together) and the point when the last coal, oil or gas power plant (or all of them together) are finally retired.
	Etsy targeted by child trafficking conspiracy theories Conspiracy theorists who believe in a secret cabal of child sex traffickers have set their sights on yet another online retailer: Etsy, a website best known for selling handmade items.
	China drafts new rules proposing restrictions on online gaming China released draft guidelines Friday aimed at curbing excessive spending on online gaming in the latest move by the ruling Communist Party to keep control of the virtual economy.
	Tesla moves forward with a plan to build an energy-storage battery factory in China American electric automaker Tesla's plans to produce energy-storage batteries in China moved forward on Friday with a signing ceremony for the land acquisition for a new factory in Shanghai, China's state media said.
	Italy fines Meta for hosting gambling advertising Italy's communications authority said Friday it had fined Facebook's parent company Meta 5.85 million euros ($6.4 million) for carrying gambling advertising.

Chemistry news

	Swift 4-D printing with shape-memory polymers Shape-memory polymers or shape-shifting materials are smart materials that have gained significant attention within materials science and biomedical engineering in recent years to build smart structures and devices. Digital light processing is a vat photopolymerization–based method with significantly faster technology to print a complete layer in a single step to create smart materials.
	A sweater made from new aerogel fiber tests warmer than one made from down A team of chemical engineers and materials scientists at Zhejiang University in China has developed a new type of aerogel fiber that has proven to be warmer than down when woven into a sweater. In their paper published in the journal Science, the group describes the inspiration for their fibers, how they were made and how well they worked when tested in a cold environment. Zhizhi Sheng and Xuetong Zhang, with the Chinese Academy of Sciences, have published a Perspective piece in the same journal issue outlining the work done by the team on this new effort.
	Research team develops polymers that can kill bacteria Antibiotic-resistant bacteria have become a rapidly growing threat to public health. Each year, they account for more than 2.8 million infections, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Without new antibiotics, even common injuries and infections harbor the potential to become lethal.

Biology news

	Reindeer sleep while chewing their cud, a strategy that may help them in the summer Researchers report December 22 in the journal Current Biology that the more time reindeer spend ruminating, the less time they spend in non-rapid eye movement (non-REM) sleep. EEG recordings revealed that reindeer's brainwaves during rumination resemble the brain waves present during non-REM sleep, and these brainwave patterns suggest that the reindeer are more "rested" after ruminating.
	Scientists find malaria parasite takes its time within mosquito host to reap an evolutionary advantage The malaria parasite is a master of adaptation. To complete its life cycle, the parasite must be transmitted from a mosquito to a human and then back to a mosquito again. Over millions of years of evolution, it has adapted perfectly to these two hosts. But although we have known about the malaria cycle for over 100 years, many questions remain unanswered.
	How jellyfish regenerate functional tentacles in days At about the size of a pinkie nail, the jellyfish species Cladonema can regenerate an amputated tentacle in two to three days—but how? Regenerating functional tissue across species, including salamanders and insects, relies on the ability to form a blastema, a clump of undifferentiated cells that can repair damage and grow into the missing appendage.
	Big impacts from small changes: Research reveals how filament interactions affect cellular networks Tiny things matter—for instance, one amino acid can completely alter the architecture of the cell. Researchers at the Universities of Göttingen and Warwick investigated the structure and mechanics of the main component of the cell's cytoskeleton: a protein known as actin. Actin is found in all living cells, with a range of important functions—from muscle contraction to cell signaling and shape.
	Researchers find two transcription factors regulate fruit ripening and flavor Fruit maturity date (MD) is critical to the market supply period and fruit flavor. It is affected by fruit setting date and the length of fruit enlargement and ripening. A better understanding of fruit MD regulation provides guidance for fruits that tend to deteriorate rapidly after harvest, such as peaches.
	Polyploidy and long-distance dispersal jointly shape global species diversification in yellowcress, finds study Long-distance dispersal (LDD) is one of the most important biogeographical processes. Polyploidy, or whole-genome duplication, has long been proposed as an intrinsic feature of LDD. However, it is still unclear how and to what extent polyploidy interacts with LDD in a focal group.
	New technology for long-term liquid storage of chicken semen by arresting energy metabolism Researchers from the University of Tsukuba have developed an advanced refrigerated storage technology that prolongs the fertilization capacity of chicken sperm by arresting the energy metabolism dynamics, achieved through the depletion of calcium inside and outside the sperm cells. This innovation holds immense potential for enhancing poultry breeding efficiency, in addition to the preservation and expansion of unique genetic resources, thereby offering a promising avenue for maintaining biodiversity in poultry species.
	Rare hissing mushroom spotted at Texas state park For the second time this year, a rare hissing mushroom was spotted in Texas at a state park in Hill Country.
	How to give your animal friends a stress-free holiday season The holiday season can be hectic. Visitors flowing through our homes, the manic rush of food and gift preparations, finding the perfect party outfit and music playlist, and heading off to your local New Year's Eve firework display. It's enough to make the sweat break on the brow of even the most festive among us.
	Scientists develop bio-pesticide from fungi to control a beetle and protect Eucalyptus plantations Gonipterus platensis, or the Eucalyptus snout beetle, has a heavy impact on Eucalyptus forest plantations worldwide, and are mostly controlled using the micro wasp Anaphes spp, although control rates rarely become financially viable. This led a team of scientists to look for naturally infecting pathogenic fungi to tackle the Eucalyptus snout beetle problem.
	Agronomists map evolution and genetic diversity of millet to increase yield Compared to other cereals, millet (Panicum miliaceum L) has an important advantage—resistance to a more arid climate. Millet contains all the essential amino acids, 10%–15% of its composition is protein. However, millet yields less than wheat, for example. Therefore, it is planted less often and does not use its full potential.
	Stinky, bitter, and painful: A novel insect repellent attacks multiple sensory pathways Crop damage in agriculture and the transmission of vector-borne diseases by insect pests have become worldwide threats nowadays. Chemical treatments such as insecticides and repellents have been a significant strategy against insect pests for centuries.
	Peru seizes 4,000 live Amazon turtles at airport Peruvian authorities have seized some 4,000 turtles that originated in the Amazon at the country's main international airport, the national wildlife service said Thursday.
	French caviar farms look forward to EU label of origin At a French caviar factory this week, a worker used tiny pliers to carefully line up black sturgeon fish eggs against a ruler.
	Idaho board drops wolf-killing proposals submitted by trapper without ranchers' knowledge Nearly two months ago, John Faulkner and members of the Peavey family, which owns Flat Top Ranch in the Wood River Valley, learned that an application with their names attached for state dollars to kill wolves would move ahead. But they never knew about the application and had no interest in the program.
	Review of research on the fruit tree disease jujube witches' broom A review in Fruit Research by researchers from Henan Agricultural University, China, explores the state of art of research on jujube witches' broom ("Zaofeng") disease, a fruit tree disease associated with phytoplasma.

Medicine and Health news

	Light color is less important for the internal clock than originally thought, study finds Vision is a complex process. The visual perception of the environment is created by a combination of different wavelengths of light, which are decoded as colors and brightness in the brain. Photoreceptors in the retina first convert the light into electrical impulses: with sufficient light, the cones enable sharp, detailed, and colored vision. Rods only contribute to vision in low light conditions, allowing for different shades of gray to be distinguished, but leaving vision much less precise.
	Engineers develop a vibrating, ingestible capsule that might help treat obesity When you eat a large meal, your stomach sends signals to your brain that create a feeling of fullness, which helps you realize it's time to stop eating. A stomach full of liquid can also send these messages, which is why dieters are often advised to drink a glass of water before eating.
	Predicting Alzheimer's dementia in oldest of the old A new study indicates that severity of amyloid deposition in the brain—not just age—may be key to determining who will benefit from new anti-amyloid therapies to delay the progression of Alzheimer's disease.
	Multi-ancestry study uncovers shared genetics of problematic drinking A study led by VA Connecticut Healthcare Center/Yale researchers reveals ancestries around the world possess a shared genetic architecture for problematic alcohol use (PAU)—habitual heavy drinking, accompanied by harmful consequences.
	Ongoing brain injury caused by COVID-19 may not always be detected by routine tests A new study details that markers of brain injury are present in the blood many months after COVID-19 infection, despite inflammation blood tests being normal. The full paper, "Para-infectious brain injury in COVID-19 persists at follow-up despite attenuated cytokine and autoantibody responses," is available in Nature Communications
	Brain cell discovery sparks hope for fertility treatments Researchers at Nagoya University's Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences and the National Institute of Physiological Sciences in Japan have demonstrated how a specific type of neuron in the brain affects the release of hormones that control ovarian function, such as follicular development and ovulation in females. These findings, published in Scientific Reports, could help researchers understand and treat reproductive disorders in animals and humans.
	Big data study yields insights into pregnancy symptoms and how they progress over time Fatigue, backache or insomnia—during pregnancy almost all women suffer from the strain of symptoms such as these. An interdisciplinary team of researchers from FAU has now investigated when such complaints are particularly common and how they progress. The team used an anonymized big data dataset from a pregnancy app.
	Study charts possibilities for a better way to diagnose gestational diabetes A Rutgers professor and other researchers have performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate studies comparing perinatal outcomes among individuals with gestational diabetes mellitus. Pregnancy weight and biochemical markers measured in blood from women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) were related to increased risk of poor pregnancy outcomes, suggesting a new direction for precision diagnostics, according to researchers.
	New COVID vaccine induces good antibody response to mutated viral variants, finds study Researchers at Karolinska Institutet and Danderyd Hospital have followed recipients of the new updated COVID-19 vaccine and analyzed the antibody response to different SARS-CoV-2 variants. The results show a surprisingly strong response to the now dominant and highly mutated omicron variants.
	For years, he couldn't donate at the blood center where he worked. Under new FDA rules, now he can Over the last six years, blood center employee Dylan Smith was often asked how frequently he gave blood himself. His answer was always the same: As a gay man, he couldn't.
	UN health agency cites tenfold increase in reported cases of dengue over the last generation The U.N. health agency said Friday that reported cases of dengue globally increased tenfold over the last generation, with climate change and the growing spread of virus-carrying mosquitoes partly to blame for transmission that remains mostly prevalent in the Americas.
	Machine learning can predict aggressive behaviors in youth with autism For inpatient youths with autism, machine learning analyses of preceding changes in peripheral physiology can predict imminent aggressive behaviors before they occur, according to a study published online Dec. 21 in JAMA Network Open.
	Many US nursing home residents have not been vaccinated for flu, COVID-19, or RSV for 2023–24 Many nursing home residents and adults have not been vaccinated for influenza, COVID-19, or respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) for the 2023 to 2024 season, according to research published in the Dec. 22 issue of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.
	Tainted applesauce now linked to more than 200 lead poisoning cases More than 200 cases of lead poisoning linked to contaminated fruit puree pouches have now been reported in the United States, up from 125 cases in the last weekly tally, with 33 states now reporting poisonings, the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said in its latest update.
	Polluted air means more asthma attacks for urban kids, says new study Air pollution may trigger more asthma attacks in urban children and teens, a new study reports. Even moderate levels of ozone and fine airborne particulates—two ingredients of smog—appear to increase kids' risk of asthma attacks, according to findings published online in The Lancet Planetary Health journal.
	Mysterious morel mushrooms at center of food poisoning outbreak A food poisoning outbreak that killed two people and sickened 51, stemming from a Montana restaurant, has highlighted just how little is known about morel mushrooms and the risks in preparing the popular and expensive delicacy.
	Pandemic lessons: Insights into how mobility restrictions affect health care costs As the world grappled with lockdowns and restrictions brought by the COVID-19 pandemic, researchers at Osaka Metropolitan University conducted an extensive study to elucidate the link between changes in human mobility and the impact on medical costs associated with lifestyle-related diseases.
	Investigating disparities in breast reconstruction rates after mastectomies Yale Cancer Center researchers at Yale School of Medicine found significant disparities in the use of post-mastectomy immediate breast reconstruction (PMIBR) among elderly women, especially in the United States and also in South Korea.
	Study suggests need to produce and disseminate information on over-the-counter drug abuse A non-prescription drug abuse crisis in Japan seems only one overdose away. The demand for a particular anti-cough drug has been rising, along with the social impact of its abuse due to its psychosomatic effects.
	AI tool aids in screening ultrasound videos for carpal tunnel syndrome Researchers at the Indian Institute of Science (IISc), in collaboration with Aster-CMI Hospital, have developed an AI tool that can identify the median nerve in ultrasound videos and detect carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). The study was published in IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control.
	Plastic particles harm gut health and immunity in mice, study shows Scientists have found that tiny plastic particles can accumulate in the intestines of mice and cause damage to their gut health and immune system.
	AI can spot suicidal tendencies among young people The number of suicide attempts is rising at an alarming rate: In 59 low- and middle-income countries, 1 in 6 young people have attempted suicide, according to studies. This worrying development calls for stronger preventive efforts, which is also at the center of a new international research project.
	Study finds two types of cognitive behavior therapy are equally effective in the treatment of fibromyalgia There does not appear to be any profound differences between so-called exposure-based CBT and traditional CBT in the treatment of fibromyalgia, according to a study led by researchers at Karolinska Institutet. Both forms of treatment produced a significant reduction in symptoms in people affected by the disease.
	Record number of Americans choose Obamacare Over 15 million Americans have signed up for health insurance using the Affordable Care Act's federal marketplace, a 33% increase from the year before, preliminary government data shows.
	Microglia act as a 'facilitator and stabilizer' for anesthesia, finds study Though it may be a surprise to the millions of people who undergo general anesthesia every year for medical procedures, the biological mechanism for how different anesthetics block consciousness is still not fully understood. However, researchers may be one step closer after uncovering how small immune cells in the brain called microglia are impacted by general anesthesia.
	Trends in abdominoplasty: More outpatient surgery and concomitant liposuction Abdominoplasty continues to be a safe and effective procedure, with more cases performed on an outpatient basis and increased use of concomitant liposuction, according to a new 16-year analysis in Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery.
	Brain distributes signals differently before real and imaginary movement: Study Scientists have established how the activity of our brain during imaginary movement differs from that during real action. It turns out that in both cases, a previous signal occurs in the cerebral cortex, but with an imaginary movement, it does not have a clear link to a specific hemisphere.
	Mailed orders found to double liver cancer screening rates Liver cancer screening among patients with cirrhosis almost doubled when they were mailed a signed order from their specialist, according to a new study from the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania. However, when researchers added an incentive of $20 to the mailed orders, it made no difference in whether patients completed their screenings. The work was published this week in Hepatology Communications.
	Researchers find link between lonely veterans and firearm purchases Low-income U.S. veterans who are experiencing feelings of loneliness are more likely to purchase firearms, according to new research from UTHealth Houston.
	Strong connections found between vaccine hesitancy and support for vaccinating pets Texas A&M University School of Public Health research on attitudes toward pet vaccination and how they may be linked with human vaccine hesitancy was the subject of a recent study recently published in the journal Vaccine.
	Flu and COVID infections are rising and could get worse over the holidays, CDC says Look for flu and COVID-19 infections to ramp up in the coming weeks, U.S. health officials say, with increases fueled by holiday gatherings, too many unvaccinated people and a new version of the coronavirus that may be spreading more easily.
	SARS-CoV-2 rebound rate similar with, without oral antivirals Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) rebound occurs at a similar rate for those receiving and not receiving oral antiviral treatment and for those receiving nirmatrelvir/ritonavir or placebo, according to research published in the Dec. 22 issue of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report.
	Pediatrician offers advice on 'toddler formula' The formula aisle at your local supermarket has expanded in the past few years. Next to infant formula products you will often see products labeled specifically for older babies and toddlers. The products have names like, "follow-up formula," "weaning formula," "toddler milk" or "toddler formula." These names are misleading, because the products are not a necessary part of a healthy child's diet or equivalent to infant formula in any way. Some are labeled with unproven health claims.
	Ease up on drinking to cut your risk for 'holiday heart syndrome,' doctors warn Rum-laced eggnog, mulled wine, or a hot toddy all sound good around the holidays, but too much imbibing can increase your risk of "holiday heart syndrome," doctors warn.
	Screens are everywhere: Resolve to protect your vision Screens are everywhere—on desks, in laps, on the wall—and eye strain is a temporary but uncomfortable condition that comes with overuse.
	Unapproved 'fat-dissolving' injections are leaving patients maimed, FDA warns People are being maimed by unauthorized fat-dissolving injections meant to tighten up double chins and dissipate flab along the arms, thighs and stomach, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration warns.
	3D-printed flat-bone-mimetic bioceramic scaffolds for cranial restoration The cranial bone in the human body performs very important functions, such as protecting the brain and enabling the passage of the cranial nerves that are essential to physiological functioning. Critical-sized cranial defects can disrupt both the physical and psychological well-being of patients.
	Researchers discover functional compensatory effects in Treg cells Professor Yi Sun's team at the Zhejiang University report a functional compensatory effect between the Ube2m-Rbx1 and Ube2f-Sag axes of the neddylation–Cullin-RING ligases (CRLs) system in Treg cells, using conditional KO mouse models. The team also revealed that both Ube2m-Rbx1 and Ube2f-Sag axes are essentially required for the functions of Treg cells, and elucidated mechanistically that the Rbx1/Sag-CRLs function in both neddylation-dependent and -independent manners.
	FDA warns of counterfeit ozempic The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has uncovered counterfeit Ozempic shots in the legitimate U.S. drug supply chain, and is warning patients to be on their guard.

Other Sciences news

	Study finds links between lockdowns and decreasing social network segregation Ph.D. candidate Ludovico Napoli and Associate Professor Márton Karsai from the Department of Network and Data Science at Central European University (CEU) recently published a paper titled "Socioeconomic reorganization of communication and mobility networks in response to external shocks" in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS). This collaborative effort with UNICEF and the IT University of Copenhagen sheds light on the profound changes in network segregation patterns during the initial wave of COVID-19 in Sierra Leone.
	As France moves to limit the rights of migrants, research reveals just how reliant on them it is Once again, France finds itself in the grip of a political crisis. After the pension reform of June, which prompted more than one million people to take to the streets, president Emmanuel Macron's framework immigration bill passed on Tuesday December 19. It will now be sent to be reviewed by the constitutional council, a body tasked with verifying legislation's compatibility with the country's constitution, in a move that could see some of its measures cancelled.
	Hollywood's first major Black female superhero: How Wakanda Forever broke the mold Black Panther: Wakanda Forever rewrote Hollywood's script for superhero movies. English professor Diana Adesola Mafe was recently involved in an academic roundtable that offers a critical conversation about it and another film set in an African kingdom, The Woman King.
	When journalists are consumers: Examining effects of media service quality on media members' behavioral intention International sporting events like the football world cup or the aquatics championships rely heavily on media coverage to capture the action and share it with the world. But what about the experience of the journalists who bring these stories to life?
	Robots vs. humans: Which do children trust more when learning new information? In this digital age, children are exposed to overwhelming amounts of information online, some of it unverified and increasingly generated by non-human sources, such as AI-driven language models. As children grow older, the ability to assess a source's reliability is an important skill in cultivating critical thinking.
	Saboteurs try to outfox hunters in England's countryside Emerging from woods in a quiet corner of rural England, a small band of anti-foxhunting campaigners have just one goal: to confuse the pack of dogs chasing a fox and prevent its death.
	Japan's hand-forged knives a slice of samurai metallurgy Blacksmith Yoshihiro Yauji pulls a piece of glowing metal from the forge in a Japanese village, continuing a tradition dating back centuries to when the region was renowned for crafting swords carried by samurai.
	The unequal experience of ethnic minority staff and students at English universities A 2020 report on racial harassment published by industry body Universities UK drew attention to the "institutional racism and systemic issues that pervade the entire higher education sector." In the same year, the Black Lives Matter movement drew attention to inequality faced by Black people across society. UK universities pledged to do more to root out racism.
	From stalling to falling: Life expectancy decline hits UK economy and workforce Life expectancy for people aged over 50 has started to fall, according to new research from Bayes Business School (formerly Cass) and the International Longevity Center (ILC).

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